Effects of different postmenopausal hormone therapy regimens on cerebral blood flow and cognitive functions

Güvenal, Tevfik; Durna, Aysenur; Erden, Ömür; Güvenal, Feray; Çetin, Meral; Çetin, Ali

doi:10.1007/s12325-009-0058-x

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…These findings suggest that differential expression and regulation of the H 2 S biosynthesis system in different vascular beds have important implications to comprehend the understanding of the cardiovascular protective effects of estrogens. In contrast, ERT has been shown to not significantly affect cerebral blood flow or cognitive function in postmenopausal women (55), and to be associated with a decreased common CA intima-media thickness and arterial stiffness, which are thought to be predictors of cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women (56). However, other studies have shown ERT to promote cerebral blood flow and cognitive function in women over 55 years of age (57) and to reduce age-associated increases in common CA stiffness (58).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen Replacement Therapy in Ovariectomized Nonpregnant Ewes Stimulates Uterine Artery Hydrogen Sulfide Biosynthesis by Selectively Up-Regulating Cystathionine β-Synthase Expression

et al. 2015

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Estrogens dramatically dilate numerous vascular beds with the greatest response in the uterus. Endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a potent vasodilator and proangiogenic second messenger, which is synthesized from L-cysteine by cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE). We hypothesized that estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) selectively stimulates H2S biosynthesis in uterine artery (UA) and other systemic arteries. Intact and endothelium-denuded UA, mesenteric artery (MA), and carotid artery (CA) were obtained from ovariectomized nonpregnant ewes (n = 5/group) receiving vehicle or estradiol-17β replacement therapy (ERT). Total RNA and protein were extracted for measuring CBS and CSE, and H2S production was determined by the methylene blue assay. Paraffin-embedded UA rings were used to localize CBS and CSE proteins by immunofluorescence microscopy. ERT significantly stimulated CBS mRNA and protein without altering CSE mRNA or protein in intact and denuded UA. Quantitative immunofluorescence microscopic analyses showed CBS and CSE protein localization in endothelium and smooth muscle and confirmed that ERT stimulated CBS but not CSE protein expression in UA endothelium and smooth muscle. ERT also stimulated CBS, but not CSE, mRNA and protein expression in intact and denuded MA but not CA in ovariectomized ewes. Concomitantly, ERT stimulated UA and MA but not CA H2S production. ERT-stimulated UA H2S production was completely blocked by a specific CBS but not CSE inhibitor. Thus, ERT selectively stimulates UA and MA but not CA H2S biosynthesis by specifically up-regulating CBS expression, implicating a role of H2S in estrogen-induced vasodilation and postmenopausal women's health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen Replacement Therapy in Ovariectomized Nonpregnant Ewes Stimulates Uterine Artery Hydrogen Sulfide Biosynthesis by Selectively Up-Regulating Cystathionine β-Synthase Expression

et al. 2015

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“…Specifically, a recent review found that some formularies, such as 17b-estradiol, are associated with more cognitive benefits than others, particularly those that include progesterone compounds [39]. However, other studies failed to find a significant difference between women taking estrogen-only HT compared with those taking a combination of estrogen plus progesterone [48,49]. In the current study, HT users were relatively evenly divided between estrogen-only HT and estrogen plus progesterone HT, and post-hoc analysis did not find any significant differences in language performance between these two groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Language Performance in Postmenopausal Women with and without Hormone Therapy and Men

et al. 2012

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Aims In the current study, we explored the potential effects of hormone therapy (HT) on language functioning in healthy, postmenopausal women and compared them with men of similar ages. Materials & methods Language functioning on tasks of verbal fluency and object naming was examined in 100 participants (mean age: 61.9 years; 33 HT users, 15 HT non-users and 52 men) at baseline and follow-up (mean follow-up time period: 2.6 years). Results At baseline, men had higher composite language scores than HT users. However, HT users demonstrated more improvement over time compared with men, whereas HT non-users performed similarly to men, with no improvement over time. Longer duration of HT use was not associated with improved performance on language tests. Conclusion These results suggest an association between HT use and better language ability in postmenopausal women.

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“…Previous studies focused on vascular responses of postmenopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Wender et al [12] studied internal carotid artery, Guvenal et al [13] cerebral blood flow, and Huang et al [14] internal carotid and uterine arteries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of uterine perfusion in postmenopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy

Kara¹,

Güzel²,

Önderoǧlu³

2014

Clin. Exp. Obstet. Gynecol.

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Objectives: The authors evaluated uterine perfusion in postmenopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy (HRT) by using transvaginal Doppler ultrasonography. Materials and methods: A total of 60 postmenopausal women receiving HRT were included in this prospective case control study. The patients were divided into two groups. The study group received HRT for at least one year. Uterine perfusion was evaluated by transvaginal Doppler ultrasonography and pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) of uterine arteries were also recorded with a 5-7.5 MHz transvaginal probe. All patients gave informed consent to the study. Statistical analyses were carried out by using the statistical packages for SPSS 15.0 for Windows. Results: Demographic characteristics of the cases showed no statistically significant difference between the groups. There was a statistically significant difference between PI and RI of uterine arteries. In the study group PI and RI were lower than in the control group. As the duration of HRT use was prolonged, a decline in PI and RI increased (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The current study showed that HRT has positive effects on uterine blood flow in postmenopausal women and may be evaluated by transvaginal Doppler ultrasonography.

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Effects of different postmenopausal hormone therapy regimens on cerebral blood flow and cognitive functions

Abstract: Different postmenopausal hormone therapy regimens have not revealed any significant effects on either cerebral blood flow or cognitive function.

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Estrogen Replacement Therapy in Ovariectomized Nonpregnant Ewes Stimulates Uterine Artery Hydrogen Sulfide Biosynthesis by Selectively Up-Regulating Cystathionine β-Synthase Expression

Estrogen Replacement Therapy in Ovariectomized Nonpregnant Ewes Stimulates Uterine Artery Hydrogen Sulfide Biosynthesis by Selectively Up-Regulating Cystathionine β-Synthase Expression

Language Performance in Postmenopausal Women with and without Hormone Therapy and Men

Evaluation of uterine perfusion in postmenopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy

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