Effects of different ratios and storage periods of liquid brewer’s yeast mixed with cassava pulp on chemical composition, fermentation quality and in vitro ruminal fermentation

Abstract

ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the chemical composition, fermentation quality and in vitro ruminal fermentation of various ratios and storage periods of liquid brewer’s yeast (LBY) mixed with cassava pulp (CVP).MethodsFour mixtures of fresh LBY and CVP were made (LBY0, LBY10, LBY20, and LBY30 for LBY:CVP at 0:100, 10:90, 20:80, and 30:70, respectively) on a fresh matter basis, in 500 g in plastic bags and stored at 30 to 32°C. After storage, the bags were opened weekly from weeks 0 to 4. Fermentation quality and in vitro gas production (IVGP) were determined, as well as the dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin contents.ResultsThe contents of CP and EE increased, whereas all other components decreased, in proportion to LBY inclusion (p<0.01). The DM and OM contents gradually decreased in weeks 3 and 4 (p<0.05), while EE contents were lowest in week 0. The pH, ammonia nitrogen per total nitrogen (NH3-N/TN) and V-score in each mixture and storage period demonstrated superior fermentation quality (pH≤4.2, NH3-N/TN≤12.5%, and V-score>90%). The pH increased and NH3-N/TN decreased, with proportionate increases of LBY, whereas the pH decreased and NH3-N/TN increased, as the storage periods were extended (p<0.01). Although IVGP decreased in proportion to the amount of LBY inclusion (p<0.01), in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) was unaffected by the mixture ratios. The highest IVGP and IVOMD were observed in week 0 (p<0.01).ConclusionThe inclusion of LBY (as high as 30%) into CVP improves the chemical composition of the mixture, thereby increasing the CP content, while decreasing IVGP, without decreasing fermentation quality and IVOMD. In addition, a preservation period of up to four weeks can guarantee superior fermentation quality in all types of mixtures. Therefore, we recommend limiting the use of CVP as a feed ingredient, given its low nutritional value and improving feed quality with the inclusion of LBY.

Manipulation of In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Feed Digestibility as Influenced by Yeast Waste-Treated Cassava Pulp Substitute Soybean Meal and Different Roughage to Concentrate Ratio

“…The chemical composition of CSYW in this experiment had lower OM, NDF, and ADF content than the compositions within the study conducted by Sommai et al [5]. These variations may be a result of different materials, growing locations, and plant factory processing [23]. However, the OM, NDF, and ADF contents in CSYW were similar to those of the report of Chuelong et al [24], with 845, 243, and 113 g/kg DM, respectively.…”

“…According to Menke and Steingass [17], artificial saliva preparations contained distilled water (1095 mL), a micro mineral mixture (0. 23 4.0 g/L). The artificial saliva was then combined with rumen fluid (660 mL) in a non-oxygen atmosphere.…”

Effects of brewer’s spent yeast inclusion level and ensiling duration on fermentative, fungal load dynamics, and nutritional characteristics of fresh brewer’s spent yeast-based silage

“…The main effect of BSY level (%) and ED (week) on fresh silage DM and chemical composition of substitute other protein sources from the diet of animals. The Metabolizable energy content of FBSY from the present study was about 12.2 MJ/kg DM and thus goes comparable with an earlier report byKamphayae et al (2017). Brewery spent grain in the present study had a DM content of 256 g/kg which was more or less in accordance with earlier values 200-250 g/kg reported byKarlović et al (2020), but lower than the value 292 g reported by Senthilkumar et al (2010), and higher than the value 242 g/kg reported by Getu et al (2022).…”

“…The IVOMD and EME of silage material in the present study were in the range of 607-689 g/kg DM, and 9.7-11.0 MJ/kg DM, respectively with relatively higher IVOMD and EME values in the present study being reported for 20% of BSY level and that ensiled for 4 to 6 weeks. In a related study by Kamphayae et al (2017) the inclusion of BSY level in cassava pulp by up to 30% substantially improved IVOMD and EME of silage material within 4 weeks from initial date of ensiling period.…”

Feed intake, digestibility and energy partitioning in beef cattle fed diets with cassava pulp instead of rice straw

“…Currently, there is an increasing surplus of cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz) pulp that is available year round for animal feed because Thai cassava starch is an industrial by-product. Cassava contains abundant digestible starch and fiber, and its nutritive value makes it suitable as an alternative energy feed source to rice straw [ 7 – 9 ]. The use of high-energy-dense diets, which typically contain high levels of non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) to improve digestibility, reduces enteric methane intensity in beef cattle because the degradation of NFC in the rumen affects the activity of methanogenic archaea and other microbes leading to suppressed methane production.…”