Effects of different wavelength from Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) on growth and development in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and larvae

Abstract

A light environment in aquatic habitat is one of the essential physical parameters affecting the growth and physiology of fish. To investigate the effects of light on the growth of zebrafish embryos and larvae (Danio rerio), fishes were reared under the illumination of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) of different wavelengths, including green, red, blue, and white. Morphometric, neuromast staining with 2-[4-(Dimethylamino)styryl]-1-ethylpyridinium iodide (DASPEI) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analyses were used to examine the initial development of sensory capacity in this study. On days 5, 6, and 7, the green light produced the most favorable result. Blue light consistently impacted early parameters such as eye development, egg yolk absorption, and total length. These impacts were synchronous with the initiation of feeding. Exposure to specific wavelengths of light can induce the appearance of gene expression, opn1lw1 detected opsin and (mtnr1ba and aanat2) were active under all four experimental lighting conditions. This retinal gene appears to be sensitive to ambient wavelength, but apparently, genes in the melatonin pathway are not.

Effects of nocturnal illumination on fitness-related traits of the New Zealand common triplefin (Forsterygion lapillum)

“…While fish are exposed to similar environmental conditions across ontogeny, the effects of abiotic selective pressures are more pronounced in early stages of development (Septriani et al, 2021). This study highlights the challenge of elucidating determinants of the trajectory and outcome of embryonic development for fish such as F. lapillum.…”

“…Offspring are highly sensitive and vulnerable during these early phases, and most offspring do not survive to juvenile settlement (Mcgurk, 1986, Litvak and Leggett, 1992, Parsons et al, 2014. Tolerance to environmental stressors also tends to be much narrower for embryos and larvae than adults (Septriani et al, 2021). Changes in the intensity and timing of environmental cues such as light, temperature, and pH can significantly alter the length and success of early development phases (Guma'A, 1978, El-Fiky, 2002, Martín-Robles et al, 2012.…”

“…During early stages of life history and development, juveniles have a significantly narrower margin of tolerance for changes in environmental conditions than adults (Septriani et al, 2021).…”

“…Furthermore, physiological and developmental changes that occur during embryonic to larval ontogeny (Penaz, 2001) cause variation in phases of growth and differentiation (Osse and Van den Boogaart, 1995, Wieser, 1995, Osse et al, 1997. In early phases of life history, exposure to varied intensities and wavelengths of light can cause increased energy consumption and accelerate growth (Septriani et al, 2021), modifying development length and duration of hatching (Brüning et al, 2011).…”