Effects of disc degeneration on neurophysiological responses during dorsoventral mechanical excitation of the ovine lumbar spine

Colloca, Christopher J.; Keller, Tony S.; Moore, Robert J.; Gunzburg, Robert; Harrison, Deed E.

doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2007.02.017

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…A major strength of the present study lies in its multidisciplinary experimental design, use of a well established validated large animal model of disc degeneration which closely reproduces the pathobiology of disc degeneration in humans and the use of an experimental design which allows direct comparison of the efficacy of MSC treatment at different stages of IVDD. Spinal manipulation studies in sheep further demonstrate that annular lesions perturb normal spinal biomechanics, neurophysiology, stabilization of vertebral lumbar motion segments and muscular contributions to dynamic dorsoventral lumbar spinal stiffness…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of administered mesenchymal stem cells in the initiation and co‐ordination of repair processes by resident disc cells in an ovine (Ovis aries) large destabilizing lesion model of experimental disc degeneration

et al. 2018

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Background Forty percent of low back pain cases are due to intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) a reported treatment. We utilized an ovine IVDD model and intradiscal heterologous MSCs to determine therapeutic efficacy at different stages of IVDD. Methodology Three nonoperated control (NOC) sheep were used for MSC isolation. In 36 sheep, 6 × 20 mm annular lesions were made at three spinal levels using customized blades/scalpel handles, and IVDD was allowed to develop for 4 weeks in the Early (EA) and late Acute (LA) groups, or 12 weeks in the chronic (EST) group. Lesion IVDs received injections of 10 × 10 6 MSCs or PBS, and after 8 (EA), 22 (LA) or 14 (EST) weeks recuperation the sheep were sacrificed. Longitudinal lateral radiographs were used to determine disc heights. IVD glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and hydroxyproline contents were quantified using established methods. An Instron materials testing machine and customized jigs analyzed IVD (range of motion, neutral zone [NZ] and stiffness) in flexion/extension, lateral bending and axial rotation. qRTPCR gene profiles of key anabolic and catabolic matrix molecules were undertaken. Toluidine blue and hematoxylin and eosin stained IVD sections were histopathologically scoring by two blinded observers. Results IVDD significantly reduced disc heights. MSC treatment restored 95% to 100% of disc height, maximally improved NZ and stiffness in flexion/extension and lateral bending in the EST group, restoring GAG levels. With IVDD qRTPCR demonstrated elevated catabolic gene expression ( MMP2/3/9/13, ADAMTS4/5 ) in the PBS IVDs and expession normalization in MSC‐treated IVDs. Histopathology degeneracy scores were close to levels of NOC IVDs in MSC IVDs but IVDD developed in PBS injected IVDs. Discussion Administered MSCs produced recovery in degenerate IVDs, restored disc height, composition, biomechanical properties, down regulated MMPs and fibrosis, strongly supporting the efficacy of MSCs for disc repair.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of administered mesenchymal stem cells in the initiation and co‐ordination of repair processes by resident disc cells in an ovine (Ovis aries) large destabilizing lesion model of experimental disc degeneration

et al. 2018

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“…Spinal manipulation studies demonstrate annular lesions influence IVD biomechanics, neurophysiological responses, vertebral lumbar motion segment responses, muscular contributions to dynamic dorsoventral lumbar spinal stiffness and three-dimensional vertebral motion in lumbar spinal motion segments. Multifidus muscle remodeling [33,120,121,122,123,124,125,126,127,128] in response to DDD may also be a source of LBP. Changes in multifidis pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression [127] occur in response to experimental DDD [70].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Histopathological Scheme for the Quantitative Scoring of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration and the Therapeutic Utility of Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration

Shu

Smith

et al. 2017

IJMS

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The purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative histopathological scoring scheme to evaluate disc degeneration and regeneration using an ovine annular lesion model of experimental disc degeneration. Toluidine blue and Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining were used to evaluate cellular morphology: (i) disc structure/lesion morphology; (ii) proteoglycan depletion; (iii) cellular morphology; (iv) blood vessel in-growth; (v) cell influx into lesion; and (vi) cystic degeneration/chondroid metaplasia. Three study groups were examined: 5 × 5 mm lesion; 6 × 20 mm lesion; and 6 × 20 mm lesion plus mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) treatment. Lumbar intervertebral discs (IVDs) were scored under categories (i–vi) to provide a cumulative score, which underwent statistical analysis using STATA software. Focal proteoglycan depletion was associated with 5 × 5 mm annular rim lesions, bifurcations, annular delamellation, concentric and radial annular tears and an early influx of blood vessels and cells around remodeling lesions but the inner lesion did not heal. Similar features in 6 × 20 mm lesions occurred over a 3–6-month post operative period. MSCs induced a strong recovery in discal pathology with a reduction in cumulative histopathology degeneracy score from 15.2 to 2.7 (p = 0.001) over a three-month recovery period but no recovery in carrier injected discs.

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“…If the study samples contained people older than 45, the age distribution should be similar among the treatment groups, as an uneven number of older people could influence the degree of spinal degeneration and so response to treatment as degeneration has been shown to modify the effect of SMT [31,32]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of spinal manipulative therapy on spinal range of motion: a systematic literature review

et al. 2012

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BackgroundSpinal manipulative therapy (SMT) has been shown to have an effect on spine-related pain, both clinically and in experimentally induced pain. However, it is unclear if it has an immediate noticeable biomechanical effect on spinal motion that can be measured in terms of an increased range of motion (ROM).ObjectiveTo assess the quality of the literature and to determine whether or not SMT is associated with an immediate increase in ROM.DesignA systematic critical literature review.MethodSystematic searches were performed in Pubmed, the Cochrane Library and EMBASE using terms relating to manipulation, movement and the spine. Selection of articles was made according to specific criteria by two independent reviewers. Two checklists were created based on the needs of the present review. Articles were independently reviewed by two reviewers. Articles were given quality scores and the data synthesized for each region treated in the literature. Findings were summarized in tables and reported in a narrative fashion.ResultsFifteen articles were retained reporting on experiments on the neck, lumbar spine, hip and jaw. The mean quality score was 71/100 (ranges 33/100 - 92/100). A positive effect of SMT was reported in both studies where mouth opening was assessed after cervical manipulation. In five of the nine studies on cervical ROM a positive effect was reported, whereas the remaining four studies did not show improvement. None of the three studies of the lumbar spine showed an effect of SMT on lumbar ROMs and one study of sacroiliac manipulation reported no effect on the ROM of the hip joint.In relation to the quality score, the seven highest ranked studies, showed significant positive effects of SMT on ROM. Continuing down the list, the other studies reported no significant differences in the outcomes between groups.ConclusionSMT seems sometimes to have a small effect on ROM, at least in the cervical spine. Further research should concentrate on areas of the spine that have the potential of actually improving to such a degree that a change can be easily uncovered.

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Effects of disc degeneration on neurophysiological responses during dorsoventral mechanical excitation of the ovine lumbar spine

Cited by 19 publications

References 44 publications

Efficacy of administered mesenchymal stem cells in the initiation and co‐ordination of repair processes by resident disc cells in an ovine (Ovis aries) large destabilizing lesion model of experimental disc degeneration

Efficacy of administered mesenchymal stem cells in the initiation and co‐ordination of repair processes by resident disc cells in an ovine (Ovis aries) large destabilizing lesion model of experimental disc degeneration

A Histopathological Scheme for the Quantitative Scoring of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration and the Therapeutic Utility of Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration

The effect of spinal manipulative therapy on spinal range of motion: a systematic literature review

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