Effects of distinct manure amendments on microbial diversity and activity in Chernozem and Retisol

Inversion Tillage Combined with Organic Fertilizer Application Increased Maize Yield via Improving Soil Pore Structure and Enzymatic Activity in Haplic Chernozem

“…However, this could lead to large differences in soil quality between the topsoil and subsoil, which is not favorable for the retention of soil nutrients in the subsoil [1]. Inversion tillage, however, relocates topsoil rich in SOC and soil nutrients to the subsoil, and the translocation can contribute to the effect of SOC and nutrient sequestration [5,6,29].…”

“…Other soil properties are also important for understanding SOC and soil nutrient contents in topsoil and subsoil. The incorporation of inversion tillage and organic fertilizer application can improve soil physical properties, such as decreasing the soil bulk density and increasing the soil macro-pore porosity and fractal dimension [3,5], which is important for water and heat transportation in the soil profile. The incorporation of inversion tillage and organic fertilizer application could break the plow pan, change the soil pore distribution, and form a loose and porous soil structure, especially when the organic fertilizer is a porous medium with light bulk density [8].…”

“…Meanwhile, the improvement of the soil micro-structure promotes the elongation of crop roots to the 15-35 cm layer, and the interpenetration and entanglement of crop roots and the cementation of crop root secretion are also important factors in improving soil macro-pore formation [15]. Bu [3] and Guo et al [5] also found that inversion tillage and organic fertilizer application can increase the number of macro-pores and enhance soil infiltration and moisture retention capacity, which is consistent with our results.…”

“…Effective tillage and fertilization measures can improve soil properties and increase crop yields [1,2]. Inversion tillage can break the plow pan, deepen the cultivated horizon, improve soil pore characteristics, and enhance soil infiltration and moisture retention capacity [3][4][5]. Some studies have shown that inversion tillage can increase the activities of urease and sucrase [6], enhance the growth and metabolic capacity of microorganisms [7] in the soil, and eventually activate soil nutrients and promote crop nutrient absorption by improving crop root growth [5].…”

“…Inversion tillage can break the plow pan, deepen the cultivated horizon, improve soil pore characteristics, and enhance soil infiltration and moisture retention capacity [3][4][5]. Some studies have shown that inversion tillage can increase the activities of urease and sucrase [6], enhance the growth and metabolic capacity of microorganisms [7] in the soil, and eventually activate soil nutrients and promote crop nutrient absorption by improving crop root growth [5]. Organic fertilizer is an important source of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and microorganisms, providing energy and substrates for the growth of microorganisms.…”