Effects of distraction, cognitive reappraisal, and acceptance on the urge to self-harm and negative affect in nonsuicidal self-injury

In, Sunwoo; Hur, Ji-Won; Kim, Gyumyoung; Lee, Jang-Han

doi:10.1007/s12144-021-02151-2

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This study also found that reappraisal positively predicted SWB and vice versa in the migrant and non‐migrant groups. On the one hand, the beneficial effects of reappraisal on SWB among these two groups is consistent with existing research suggesting that reappraisal is positively linked to well‐being across cultures (In et al, 2021; Webb et al, 2012). According to Gross's process model of emotion regulation, reappraisal can reduce the emotional intensity of negative situations by changing their meaning and reconstructing them to make the interpretation of such events more positive (Gross, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Diener and Ryan (2009) proposed that adolescents who interpret events more positively are more likely to experience higher levels of SWB. By reinterpreting negative situations, reappraisal has positive effects on adolescents' well-being across various cultural contexts, as has been recently illustrated in studies of Italian adolescents (Verzeletti et al, 2016), Australian adolescents (Chervonsky & Hunt, 2019), and Korean adolescents (In et al, 2021). Accordingly, we assumed that reappraisal is adaptive for both migrant and non-migrant adolescents.…”

Section: Associations Between Emotion Regulation Strategies and Subje...mentioning

confidence: 94%

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Longitudinal associations between emotion regulation strategies and subjective well‐being in migrant and non‐migrant adolescents in urban China

et al. 2023

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This study examined the long‐term reciprocal impact of two key emotion regulation strategies, cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, on the subjective well‐being of migrant and non‐migrant adolescents in urban China. A total of 2397 middle school students from urban China (864 migrant, Mage = 13.05 years, SD = 0.62, 41.7% girls; 1533 non‐migrant, Mage = 13.01 years, SD = 0.47, 50.1% girls) were followed from 2016 to 2017. Data on the two emotion regulation strategies (measured using the Chinese version of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire) and subjective well‐being (measured using the Subjective Well‐Being Inventory) were collected. Although no differences were found in the use of cognitive reappraisal, migrant adolescents reported greater use of expressive suppression than non‐migrant adolescents. Furthermore, a two‐group cross‐lagged panel analysis showed that cognitive reappraisal positively predicted subjective well‐being among both migrant and non‐migrant adolescents, whereas expressive suppression was positively related to subjective well‐being in only migrant adolescents. Migrant adolescents with higher levels of subjective well‐being jointly used cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, while non‐migrant adolescents were prone to only using cognitive reappraisal. These findings indicate that group‐level context influences both the utilisation and functionality of emotion regulation strategies among migrant and non‐migrant adolescents in urban China.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Associations Between Emotion Regulation Strategies and Subje...mentioning

confidence: 94%

Longitudinal associations between emotion regulation strategies and subjective well‐being in migrant and non‐migrant adolescents in urban China

et al. 2023

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“…Functional neuroimaging studies indicate that cognitive reappraisal may be more cognitively taxing for participants with versus without SI history, as indicated by greater neural activation associated with emotion processing and regulation (Kudinova et al, 2016; Miller et al, 2018). Relatedly, evidence supporting the use of cognitive reappraisal as an emotion regulation skill for persons with an NSSI history is weak and/or lacking (Davis et al, 2014; In et al, 2021). One study found that instructing participants to cognitively reappraise a negatively valenced image helped depressed and healthy controls reduce self-reported negative affect, yet was ineffective for participants with NSSI history (Davis et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of cognitive flexibility in self-injurious thoughts and behaviors: A systematic review.

Chung,

Heakes,

Kaufman

2024

Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice

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Cognitive inflexibility is theorized to be an etiological and maintenance factor for self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs). The vast literature on cognitive flexibility and SITB is rife with conflicting results, and thus, is challenging to interpret. We conducted a systematic review to synthesize the available evidence on cognitive flexibility and SITB (n = 126 studies). Results indicate most laboratory paradigms we reviewed have poor ecological validity, and many studies use inadequate measures of cognitive flexibility. Evidence suggests cognitive flexibility, as currently measured, is not robustly associated with SITB history above and beyond certain psychopathology presentations (e.g., depression). Cognitive reappraisal appears to be more cognitively demanding for persons with (vs. without) suicidal ideation (SI) and/or nonsuicidal self-injury history. Higher cognitive flexibility may have a distal protective influence on SITB by buffering the effects of perceived stress and psychological pain. Preliminary evidence indicates that state cognitive flexibility may have a proximal association with concurrent state SI. Nonetheless, cognitive flexibility does not appear to be a primary mechanism of change in many SITB interventions, however, further research is warranted. We discuss several notable limitations in the current literature and make suggestions to guide future research in this area.

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“…A recent study has shown that it can be helpful to use distractions when managing self‐harm urges (In et al . 2021). In a study by Klonsky and Glenn (2008) 90% of those who self‐harmed had used distractions or diversions such as “keeping busy”, “seeing friends”, and “doing sports or exercise” to resist self‐harm urges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research into coping strategies found that avoidance, which includes distraction and diversion, is consistently utilized by those who self-harm more than those with no history of self-harm (Brereton & McGlinchey 2020;Kiekens et al 2015). A recent study has shown that it can be helpful to use distractions when managing self-harm urges (In et al 2021). In a study by Klonsky and Glenn (2008) 90% of those who self-harmed had used distractions or diversions such as "keeping busy", "seeing friends", and "doing sports or exercise" to resist self-harm urges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scoping review: Alternatives to self‐harm recommended on mental health self‐help websites

Fenton

Kingsley

2022

Int J Mental Health Nurs

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Less than half of all young people with mental health difficulties will seek professional treatment. Due to the private nature of self-harm it is estimated that only 1:28 young males and 1:18 young females who self-harm ever present to hospital. Self-help supports improved coping strategies and life changes without reliance on a clinical intervention which could be used to reduce self-harming behaviours. The study objective is to review self-help alternatives to self-harm on mental health websites that can be accessed by young people. Google, Bing, and Yahoo search engines were used to search for appropriate websites. Eighty-two unique websites on mental health were identified, of which 55 met the inclusion criteria. A total of 1177 self-help suggestions were found for those struggling with self-harm urges. The average number of suggestions per site was 42 (Range 3-252). The main techniques suggested were: seeking social contact/help, physical activity, displacement/mimicking techniques, relaxing/comforting techniques, sensory techniques, fun/diverting techniques, aggressive techniques, creative/reflective techniques. This review found not all strategies were suitable for young people and that the large number of possible strategies could be challenging for a young person to navigate. However, mental health self-help websites were generally of high quality and gave a range of potentially helpful strategies. The categories created from this review could be used as a guide to consider with the young person when making an individualized self-help plan to manage self-harm urges. Further research is required to assess if and how these techniques could be used individually or in combination to reduce self-harm.

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Effects of distraction, cognitive reappraisal, and acceptance on the urge to self-harm and negative affect in nonsuicidal self-injury

Cited by 7 publications

References 41 publications

Longitudinal associations between emotion regulation strategies and subjective well‐being in migrant and non‐migrant adolescents in urban China

Longitudinal associations between emotion regulation strategies and subjective well‐being in migrant and non‐migrant adolescents in urban China

The role of cognitive flexibility in self-injurious thoughts and behaviors: A systematic review.

Scoping review: Alternatives to self‐harm recommended on mental health self‐help websites

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