Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, and Serum Lipids in Scottish Men with Hypertension and Hypercholesterolemia

Sagara, Miki; Njelekela, Marina; Teramoto, Takanori; Taguchi, Takashi; Mori, Mari; Armitage, Lesley; Birt, Nina; Birt, Christopher A.; Yamori, Yukio

doi:10.4061/2011/809198

Cited by 27 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Our data show that DHA significantly decreases blood pressure in our experimental model, reinforcing previous interventional studies in humans59, 60 and consistent with a report that DHA supplementation significantly reduces 24‐hour ambulatory blood pressure in hypercholesterolemic patients 61. In animal studies, DHA reduces systolic blood pressure and vascular wall thickness in spontaneously hypertensive rats25, 62 and aldosterone‐induced hypertension in dogs 27.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Reduces Oscillatory Wall Shear Stress, Atherosclerosis, and Hypertension, Most Likely Mediated via an IL‐1–Mediated Mechanism

Alfaidi

Chamberlain

Rothman

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundHypertension is a complex condition and a common cardiovascular risk factor. Dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) modulates atherosclerosis and hypertension, possibly via an inflammatory mechanism. IL‐1 (interleukin 1) has an established role in atherosclerosis and inflammation, although whether IL‐1 inhibition modulates blood pressure is unclear.Methods and ResultsMale apoE−/− (apolipoprotein E–null) mice were fed either a high fat diet or a high fat diet plus DHA (300 mg/kg per day) for 12 weeks. Blood pressure and cardiac function were assessed, and effects of DHA on wall shear stress and atherosclerosis were determined. DHA supplementation improved left ventricular function, reduced wall shear stress and oscillatory shear at ostia in the descending aorta, and significantly lowered blood pressure compared with controls (119.5±7 versus 159.7±3 mm Hg, P<0.001, n=4 per group). Analysis of atheroma following DHA feeding in mice demonstrated a 4‐fold reduction in lesion burden in distal aortas and in brachiocephalic arteries (P<0.001, n=12 per group). In addition, DHA treatment selectively decreased plaque endothelial IL‐1β (P<0.01).ConclusionsOur findings revealed that raised blood pressure can be reduced by inhibiting IL‐1 indirectly by administration of DHA in the diet through a mechanism that involves a reduction in wall shear stress and local expression of the proinflammatory cytokine IL‐1β.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Reduces Oscillatory Wall Shear Stress, Atherosclerosis, and Hypertension, Most Likely Mediated via an IL‐1–Mediated Mechanism

Alfaidi

Chamberlain

Rothman

et al. 2018

JAHA

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“…The findings are strengthened by a dose-related response in hypertension as well as a relationship to the specific concomitant diseases associated with hypertension [163][164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173] . Studies indicate that DHA at 2 g/d reduces BP and heart rate [163,173] .…”

Section: Omega-3 Fatsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The omega-3 fatty acids found in cold water fish, fish oils, flax, flax seed, flax oil and nuts lower BP in observational, epidemiologic and in prospective clinical trials [163][164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173] . The findings are strengthened by a dose-related response in hypertension as well as a relationship to the specific concomitant diseases associated with hypertension [163][164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173] .…”

Section: Omega-3 Fatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average reduction in BP is 8/5 mmHg and heart rate falls about 6 beats/min usually in about 6 wk [1,70,71, . Fish oil at 4-9 g/d or combination of DHA and EPA at 3-5 g/d will also reduce BP [1,[168][169][170][171][172][173] . However, formation of EPA and ultimately DHA from ALA is decreased in the presence of high LA (the essential omega-6 fatty acid), saturated fats, trans fatty acids, alcohol, several nutrient deficiencies (magnesium, vitamin B6) and aging, all of which inhibit the desaturase enzymes [163] .…”

Section: Omega-3 Fatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of nutrition and nutraceutical supplements in the treatment of hypertension

Houston¹

2014

WJC

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Vascular biology, endothelial and vascular smooth muscle and cardiac dysfunction play a primary role in the initiation and perpetuation of hypertension, cardiovascular disease and target organ damage. Nutrientgene interactions and epigenetics are predominant factors in promoting beneficial or detrimental effects in cardiovascular health and hypertension. Macronutrients and micronutrients can prevent, control and treat hypertension through numerous mechanisms related to vascular biology. Oxidative stress, inflammation and autoimmune dysfunction initiate and propagate hypertension and cardiovascular disease. There is a role for the selected use of single and component nutraceutical supplements, vitamins, antioxidants and minerals in the treatment of hypertension based on scientifically controlled studies which complement optimal nutrition, coupled with other lifestyle modifications.© 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved.Key words: Hypertension; Nutrition; Nutritional supplements; Cardiovascular disease; Vascular biology Core tip: Vascular biology and endothelial dysfunction play a primary roles in hypertension and subsequent cardiovascular disease. Micronutrients, macronutrients and optimal nutrition and nutritional supplements can prevent, control and treat hypertension through numerous mechanisms related to vascular biology. These treatments are complementary to drug therapy. Oxidative stress, inflammation and autoimmune dysfunction initiate and propagate hypertension and cardiovascular disease. There is a role for the selected use of single and component nutraceutical supplements, vitamins, antioxidants and minerals in the treatment of hypertension based on scientifically controlled studies which complement optimal nutrition, coupled with other lifestyle modifications.Houston M. The role of nutrition and nutraceutical supplements in the treatment of hypertension. World J Cardiol 2014; 6(2): 38-66 Available from:

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“…A clinical study by Liu et al (24) comprised of generally healthy adults taking neither antihypertensive medications nor fish oil supplements revealed a positive correlation between greater DHA content in serum phospholipids and lower BP in both clinic and ambulatory settings. Sagara et al (44) further demonstrated that a 5-wk clinical trial with 2 g/day of DHA supplementation reduced coronary heart disease risk factor levels, improving blood pressure, heart rate, and lipid profiles (decreased TC/HDL cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol/HDL cholesterol and increased HDL cholesterol ratios) in middle-aged hypertensive, hypercholesterolemic Scottish men who did not eat fish on a regular basis. Another clinical trial by Mori (31) in mildly hyperlipidemic men supplemented with 4 g/day purified DHA in their usual diets for 6 wk resulted in increased plasma phospholipid DHA levels while reducing both ambulatory BP and HR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of docosahexaenoic acid monoacylglyceride on systemic hypertension and cardiovascular dysfunction

Morin

Rousseau

Blier

et al. 2015

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Morin C, Rousseau E, Blier PU, Fortin S. Effect of docosahexaenoic acid monoacylglyceride on systemic hypertension and cardiovascular dysfunction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 309: H93-H102, 2015. First published April 24, 2015 doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00823.2014 Fatty acid supplementation has been associated with lower blood pressure. Cardiovascular diseases are also known to be linked directly to an increase in -6 and a reduction in -3 fatty acid levels in blood circulation and tissues. To determine the effect of docosahexaenoic acid monoglycerides (MAG-DHA) on blood pressure, lipid profiles, and vascular remodeling in rats fed a high-fat/high-carbohydrate (HFHC) diet. Studies were performed in male rats subjected to 8 wk of HFHC diet supplemented or not with 3 g/day MAG-DHA. After 8 wk of daily MAG-DHA treatment, rats in the HFHC ϩ MAG-DHA group had lower arterial blood pressure and heart rate compared with the HFHC group. Moreover, MAG-DHA prevented the increase aortic wall thickness, whereas lipid analysis of aortic tissues revealed an increase in DHA/AA ratio correlated with the production of resolvin D2 and D3 metabolites. Histological analysis revealed that MAG-DHA prevented the development of LVH in the HFHC group. Serum lipid profile analysis further showed a decrease in total cholesterol (TC) and LDL, including very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and triglyceride (TG) levels, together with an increase in HDL levels after 8 wk of MAG-DHA treatment compared with the HFHC group. Furthermore, daily MAG-DHA treatment resulted in reduced proinflammatory marker levels such as CRP, IL-6, TNF␣, and IL-1␤. Altogether, these findings revealed that per os administration of MAG-DHA prevents HFHC-diet induced hypertension and LVH in rats. docosahexaenoic acid; hypertension; cardiac hypertrophy; inflammation DESPITE AGGRESSIVE TREATMENT with current therapies, hypertension and heart failure remain major public health problems due to poor quality of life, frequent hospitalizations, and death (5). New therapeutic approaches are needed to prevent the development of heart failure and reverse the progression of established dysfunction. Current evidence from experimental animal studies, epidemiological studies, and clinical trials suggests that -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) of marine origin may be protective against cardiovascular disease (5, 26). For example, McLennan et al. (27) reported that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was more effective than eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in delaying the development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Moreover, DHA inhibited ischemia-induced cardiac arrhythmias at low dietary intakes in Hooded Wistar rats (27), whereas in the stroke-prone SHR model, dietary DHA intake was found to prevent the development of hypertension (20). Other studies also found that treatment with a mixture of DHA and EPA in animal models of chronic left ventricular (LV) dysfunction resulted in beneficial effects on pressure overload-induced cardiac disease (7,11,12,27,41).Epidemio...

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Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, and Serum Lipids in Scottish Men with Hypertension and Hypercholesterolemia

Cited by 27 publications

References 32 publications

Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Reduces Oscillatory Wall Shear Stress, Atherosclerosis, and Hypertension, Most Likely Mediated via an IL‐1–Mediated Mechanism

Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Reduces Oscillatory Wall Shear Stress, Atherosclerosis, and Hypertension, Most Likely Mediated via an IL‐1–Mediated Mechanism

The role of nutrition and nutraceutical supplements in the treatment of hypertension

Effect of docosahexaenoic acid monoacylglyceride on systemic hypertension and cardiovascular dysfunction

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