Effects of Double-Chained Cationic Surfactants n-Dimethyldialkylammoniums on Skin Permeation of Benzoic Acid through Excised Guinea Pig Dorsal Skin: Comparison of Their Enhancement Effects with Hemolytic Effects on Erythrocytes.

Cationic Vesicles Consisting of 1,2-Dioleoyl-3-Trimethylammonium Propane (DOTAP) and Phosphatidylcholines and Their Interaction with Erythrocyte Membrane

“…5-NS shows an anisotropic spectrum when it is present in bilayer vesicles. On the other hand, it shows a relatively isotropic spectrum in micelles and a broad spectrum in solid aggregates, 9,[12][13][14] as shown in Fig. 1d for 2 mM cetyltrimethylammonium micelles and in Fig.…”

“…1a, DOTAP itself seems to form bilayer vesicles, although direct confirmation by electron micrograph is necessary. The order parameter value of the spin label in DOTAP vesicles shown in Table 1 is larger than those in alkyltrimethylammonium vesicles (less than 0.470 13) ), but still much smaller than those in the vesicles of phosphatidylcholines such as DMPC, shown in Table 1, and egg yolk PC (0.578Ϯ0.004 13) ). This is probably due to the repulsive interactions among the cationic trimethylammonium groups in DOTAP vesicles.…”

New cationic vesicles prepared with double chain surfactants from arginine: Role of the hydrophobic group on the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity

“…Vesicles of dialkyl dimethylammonium with short chains appear unstable and may easily become monomers. However, dialkyl dimethylammonium surfactants with long hydrophobic chains form more stable vesicles or aggregates, because of that the presence of monomers was reduced and haemolytic activity decreased [44].…”

Enhancement Effects of Double-Chained Cationic Surfactants of n-Dimethyldialkylammoniums on Permeability of Salicylate through Guinea Pig Dorsal Skin.

“…[4][5][6] We recently examined the effects of double-chained cationic surfactants of n-dimethyldialkylammoniums (CH 3 ) 2 N ϩ (C n H 2nϩ1 ) 2 on skin permeation of undissociated form of benzoic acid through excised guinea pig dorsal skin at acidic donor pH conditions. …”

“…[4][5][6] We recently examined the effects of double-chained cationic surfactants of n-dimethyldialkylammoniums (CH 3 ) 2 N ϩ (C n H 2nϩ1 ) 2 on skin permeation of undissociated form of benzoic acid through excised guinea pig dorsal skin at acidic donor pH conditions. 6) n-Dimethyldialkylammoniums with relatively shorter alkyl chains such as dimethyldidecylammonium (2C10) seem to form micelles instead of vesicles. The findings on the five double-chained cationic surfactants tested (nϭ10-18) revealed the marked enhancement effects of the surfactants with relatively shorter alkyl chains, whose enhancement mechanism is possibly similar to that of single-chained cationic surfactants.…”