Effects of drinking supplementary water at school on cognitive performance in children

Fadda, Roberta; Rapinett, Gertrude; Grathwohl, Dominik; Parisi, Marinella; Fanari, Rachele; Calò, Carla Maria; Schmitt, J.A.J.

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2012.07.005

Cited by 107 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…18 Consistent with previous studies in children, we used a cutpoint of 800 milliosmoles per kilogram or higher as an indicator of inadequate hydration. 6,7,10 This cutpoint was based on population distributions rather than symptoms, but recent studies have found that children with urine osmolality of 800 milliosmoles per kilogram or higher perform worse on cognitive tests 6,7 and have poorer emotional states. 7 Study participants' age, gender, race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Mexican American or other Hispanic, and other race, including multiracial), and total household income (operationalized by NHANES as the ratio of income to the poverty level to control for household size) were collected by NHANES via questionnaire.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two studies have shown that inadequate hydration, defined as urine osmolality of 800 milliosmoles per kilogram or higher, is associated with poorer performance on cognitive tests. 6,7 However, despite a substantial body of research examining children's beverage intake, 8 little is known about children's hydration status and whether it may be a population health concern. Kant et al found that as of the period 2005 to 2006, US children and adolescents, on average, did not consume adequate water for their age group as defined by the Institute of Medicine, 9 but hydration status was not evaluated.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Inadequate Hydration Among US Children and Disparities by Gender and Race/Ethnicity: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009–2012

Kenney¹,

Long²,

Cradock³

et al. 2015

Am J Public Health

127

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Adequate hydration is essential for health. Water is crucial for the proper function of several physiological processes, including circulatory function, metabolism, temperature regulation, and waste removal.1 Dehydration, a state in which total body water is inadequate for proper cell, organ, and system functioning, is associated with poor health. Although excessive dehydration is associated with serious health problems, such as impaired renal, immune, and gastrointestinal functioning, confusion, and delirium, even mild dehydration can worsen health and well-being. 2 Mild dehydration is associated with headache, irritability, poorer physical performance, and reduced cognitive functioning among both children and adults.2---5

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Inadequate Hydration Among US Children and Disparities by Gender and Race/Ethnicity: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009–2012

Kenney¹,

Long²,

Cradock³

et al. 2015

Am J Public Health

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Subjective feelings of concentration and alertness are also negatively affected (Armstrong et al, 2012;Shirrefs, Merson, Fraser, & Archer, 2004;Szinnai, Schachinger, Arnaud, Linder, & Keller, 2005). Similarly, in children, dehydration negatively affects performance on memory tasks (Bar-David, Urkin, & Kozminsky, 2005;Fadda et al, 2012;Fadda et al, 2008). Furthermore, there is a growing body of evidence that water supplementation has positive effects on cognition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tests of cognitive performance were selected that have been shown to be sensitive to the effects of water supplementation in previous studies (Booth & Edmonds, 2012;Edmonds & Burford, 2009;Edmonds & Jeffes, 2009;Fadda et al, 2012) …”

Section: Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water consumption, not expectancies about water consumption, affects cognitive performance in adults

et al. 2013

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Research has shown that water supplementation positively affects cognitive performance in children and adults. The present study considered whether this could be a result of expectancies that individuals have about the effects of water on cognition. Forty seven participants were recruited and told the study was examining the effects of repeated testing on cognitive performance. They were assigned either to a condition in which positive expectancies about the effects of drinking water were induced, or a control condition in which no expectancies were induced. Within these groups, approximately half were given a drink of water, while the remainder were not. Performance on a thirst scale, letter cancellation, digit span forwards and backwards and a simple reaction time task was assessed at baseline (before the drink) and 20 minutes and 40 minutes after water consumption. Effects of water, but not expectancy, were found on subjective thirst ratings and letter cancellation task performance, but not on digit span or reaction time. This suggests that water consumption effects on letter cancellation are due to the physiological effects of water, rather than expectancies about the effects of drinking water.

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“…Pediatric care and prenatal monitoring can also benefit from a hydration monitor 4,5,10,27,[47][48][49] . The high water content of infants and children makes proper hydration critical in the prenatal and pediatric stages, specifically for healthy development.…”

Section: Patient Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Validation of a Wearable, Continuous, and Non-Invasive Hydration Monitor that uses Ultrasonic Pulses to Detect Changes in Tissue Hydration Status

Engman¹

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Design and Validation of A Wearable, Continuous, and Non-Invasive Hydration Monitor That Uses Ultrasonic Pulses to Detect Changes in Tissue Hydration Status Zoie EngmanChronic dehydration is an endemic problem for many population groups. Current methods of monitoring hydration status are invasive, time consuming, cannot be performed while exercising, and require lab resources. A proposed solution is a wearable, continuous, and non-invasive device that uses harm-free ultrasonic pulses to detect changes in tissue hydration status over time. Customer and engineering requirements were defined and used to guide the design process. Literature reviews were performed to identify essential information on dehydration, assess current methods, discover state of the art devices, and describe ultrasonic theory. Market research was performed to identify athletes as the target population group. An adjustable elastic nylon bicep band prototype was manufactured and the integration of more advanced components was proposed. The theoretical signal processing method used to detect hydration status was validated through initial tests with a prototype electrical system composed of a Teensy 3.1 board, two 18 kHz piezoceramic disc elements, and an Arduino/LabVIEW interface. Tests with aluminum, rubber, and sponge materials were performed to compare the signal response to propagation through materials with different acoustic properties and water contents. Finally, tests performed with dehydrated bovine muscle tissue revealed a statistically significant difference between hydrated and dehydrated tissue, a promising indication for future device refinement.

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Effects of drinking supplementary water at school on cognitive performance in children

Cited by 107 publications

References 28 publications

Prevalence of Inadequate Hydration Among US Children and Disparities by Gender and Race/Ethnicity: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009–2012

Prevalence of Inadequate Hydration Among US Children and Disparities by Gender and Race/Ethnicity: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009–2012

Water consumption, not expectancies about water consumption, affects cognitive performance in adults

Design and Validation of a Wearable, Continuous, and Non-Invasive Hydration Monitor that uses Ultrasonic Pulses to Detect Changes in Tissue Hydration Status

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