Effects of drinking water flow rates and social rank on performance and drinking behaviour of tied-up dairy cows

Andersson, Maria; Schaar, Johan; Wiktorsson, H.

doi:10.1016/0301-6226(84)90074-5

Cited by 44 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In this system the majority of the participating farms had one water bowl per two cows. According to Andersson et al (1984) one water bowl per cow is recommended because the submissive cow drinks less and gives less milk than the dominant animal in every cow pair. Restricting the water intake of cows by 50% will result in 74% lower milk yield and more aggressive behaviour (Little et al, 1980).…”

Section: Welfare Criterion and Principle Scoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, in 57% of the studied farms with THS the water flow rates were too low. Cows have a natural drinking rate of about 15 L per minute and they drink more if the water flow rate is high (Andersson et al, 1984). The Welfare Quality® Consortium emphasises a well known truth, demonstrated by many studies (Little et al, 1980;Meyer et al, 2004), yet still undervalued by farmers: the importance of unlimited access of the animals to drinking water in adequate quantity.…”

Section: Welfare Criterion and Principle Scoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of the Housing System on the Welfare Quality of Dairy Cows

Popescu

Borda

Diugan

et al. 2014

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the housing systems (loose vs tiestall) on the welfare of dairy cows and to test the hypothesis that dairy cows in loose housing systems have a better welfare quality than those kept in tie-stalls. Sixty commercial dairy farms (30 with loose and 30 with tie-stall housing system) were selected for evaluation, using mainly animal-based measures, as the applied Welfare Quality ® protocol allows it. A total number of 2624 milking cows were assessed in the winter period. There were significant differences between the two housing systems for the majority of the parameters within the four welfare principles. Significant differences were also found in terms of the mean scores of the welfare criteria and principles, with the majority pointing out the loose system as better. Based on the scores of the four principles, most of the farms with loose housing were classified as enhanced, while the majority of the tie-stall farms were acceptable. The results show that the welfare quality of dairy cows is greatly influenced by the housing system, and that the loose system is more advantageous when it comes to the feeding, housing and behaviour of the dairy cow.

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Section: Welfare Criterion and Principle Scoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Welfare Criterion and Principle Scoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of the Housing System on the Welfare Quality of Dairy Cows

Popescu

Borda

Diugan

et al. 2014

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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“…Water is the most important nutrient for dairy cows, essential for health and productivity, (National Research Council, 2001), and water deprivation is associated with increased aggression and less time spent lying down (Little et al, 1980). Given that water intake may be influenced by the dimensions of the drinkers (Machado Filho et al, 2004;Teixeira et al, 2006), and water flow rate (Andersson et al, 1984), the measures included for Absence of prolonged thirst, reflect a fundamental aspect of welfare. Furthermore, Absence of prolonged thirst could also be considered to be a proxy measure of management standards, such that the care that a farmer might show in providing a sufficient number of clean drinkers might be expected to be found in other areas relating to welfare.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So, while adequate water provision is an essential element in preventing poor welfare, as a resourcebased measure, it is unable to provide an actual account of the cow's thirst, and therefore, might be better considered as part of a risk-based assessment. As thirst is influenced by other factors including climate, milk yield, dry matter intake (Cardot et al, 2008), and social hierarchy (Andersson et al, 1984), the measure also risks either being overly penalising or overly lenient for farms at the extreme ends of these variables. This is increased by the method of score calculation which assigns discrete scores by means of a decision tree.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Navigating the iceberg: reducing the number of parameters within the Welfare Quality® assessment protocol for dairy cows

Heath

Browne

Mullan

et al. 2014

Animal

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The Welfare Quality ® protocols provide a multidimensional assessment of welfare, which is lengthy, and hence limited in terms of practicality. The aim of this study was to investigate potential 'iceberg indicators' which could reliably predict the overall classification as a means of reducing the length of time for an assessment and so increase the feasibility of the Welfare Quality ® protocol as a multidimensional assessment of welfare. Full Welfare Quality ® assessments were carried out on 92 dairy farms in England and Wales. The farms were all classified as Acceptable or Enhanced. Logistic regression models with cross validation were used to compare model fit for the overall classification on farms. 'Absence of prolonged thirst', on its own, was found to correctly classify farms 88% of the time. More generally, the inclusion of more measures in the models was not associated with greater predictive ability for the overall classification. Absence of prolonged thirst could thus, in theory, be considered to be an iceberg indicator for the Welfare Quality ® protocol, and could reduce the length of time for a farm assessment to 15 min. Previous work has shown that the parameters within the Welfare Quality ® protocol are important and relevant for welfare assessment. However, it is argued that the credibility of the published aggregation system is compromised by the finding that one resource measure (Absence of prolonged thirst) is a major driver for the overall classification. It is therefore suggested that the prominence of Absence of prolonged thirst in this role may be better understood as an unintended consequence of the published measure aggregation system rather than as reflecting a realistic iceberg indicator.

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“…The social hierarchy of the herd may prevent the animals from accessing the food resources equally. Thus, the dominant animals benefit more from feed, water, shade and resting spaces compared to the subordinate animals, both in quality and quantity (Andersson et al, 1984;Mosley, 1999;Barroso et al, 2000;Phillips and Rind, 2002). Because the dominant animals can use the resources more efficiently, their condition increases and it has been shown that dams in better conditions tend to give birth to male descendants (Kojola, 1997;Cameron et al, 1999;Hewison et al, 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of goat social rank on kid gender

Tölü¹,

Savaş²,

Pala³

et al. 2007

Czech J. Anim. Sci.

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Mechanisms of gender ratio in progeny are complex and the fine details are still largely unknown, even in mammals. Though the 50% ratio of males and females is expected, various factors have been shown to be effective in diverting the ratio from the expected. In this study, dominance index, effects of sire, age of dam, birth type and year of birth on the gender ratio of Turkish Saanen goat kids were investigated in a full model. The analysis indicated that dominance index (DI) of the dam had a significant influence on the gender ratio of kids (P = 0.036). Certain sires tended to father female descendants repeatedly and the dams with high dominance index gave birth to male kids. Effects of sire on kid gender approached significance (P = 0.094). Age of dam, year and birth type were insignificant.

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Effects of drinking water flow rates and social rank on performance and drinking behaviour of tied-up dairy cows

Cited by 44 publications

References 5 publications

The Effect of the Housing System on the Welfare Quality of Dairy Cows

The Effect of the Housing System on the Welfare Quality of Dairy Cows

Navigating the iceberg: reducing the number of parameters within the Welfare Quality® assessment protocol for dairy cows

Effects of goat social rank on kid gender

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