Effects of drip irrigation nitrogen coupling on dry matter accumulation and yield of Summer Maize in arid areas of China

Li, Ma; Xu, Zhang; Lei, Qingyuan; Liu, Feng

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108321

Cited by 30 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The dry matter reaches its maximum before harvest, which is similar to the results of previous studies. However, some researchers have concluded that the application of nitrogen fertilizer can increase the dry matter accumulation of maize, but when the optimal nitrogen application amount is exceeded, there is a trend of decreasing the dry matter, which will result in a reduction in the crop yield [38][39][40][41][42]. The possible reason is that the increase in the amount of nitrogen applied can improve the leaf area index and dry matter of maize, but the photosynthetic effective radiation cannot be increased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Rate of Nitrogen Application on Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield Formation of Densely Planted Maize

Zhai

Zhang

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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Planting maize (Zea mays L.) reasonably densely and adding amounts of appropriate nitrogen fertilizer are essential measures to improve the efficiency of maize yield and nitrogen use. In this study, two planting densities of 7.5 × 104 plants ha−1 and 12.0 × 104 plants ha−1 were established with the maize varieties DengHai 618 (DH618) and XianYu 335 (XY335). Simultaneously, 18 levels of nitrogen application were established, including a lack of nitrogen (N0) and increments of 45 kg ha−1 nitrogen up to 765 (N765) kg ha−1. The variables studied included the effects of the rate of nitrogen application on the characteristics of dry matter accumulation and the yield under drip irrigation, and they were integrated into water–fertilizer integration. The results indicated that the yield, harvest index, and dry matter accumulation of maize displayed a trend of increasing and then tending to be flat as the amount of nitrogen applied increased. The use of linear plus platform equation fitting indicated that the change in yield with nitrogen administered had the lowest turning point at N = 279 and N = 319, respectively. The next parameter that was measured was the harvest index. When highly dense maize was grown before silking, the rate of nitrogen applied was more obviously impacted by the accumulation of dry matter. The harvest index contributed 22.9–27.2% of the yield, and the total dry matter accumulation before and after silking contributed more than 70% of the production. Increasing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer is beneficial to prolonging the dry matter accumulation time and increasing the dry matter accumulation rate. The accumulation amount of dry matter was positively correlated with accumulation time and rate, and the correlation between dry matter and accumulation rate was greater. In conclusion, applying the right amount of nitrogen can dramatically increase the harvest index, accumulation of materials, and yield, with dry matter accumulation having the greatest influence on yield. The creation of dry matter is influenced by the time and rate of its accumulation, with its rate serving as the primary controlling factor.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Rate of Nitrogen Application on Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield Formation of Densely Planted Maize

Zhai

Zhang

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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“…[45][46][47] This study showed that increasing N rate induced maize plants to enter the linear rapid growth phase earlier and prolonged the duration of the rapid dry matter accumulation stage, but it did not significantly affect GR max and GR avg (Table 1). However, Ma et al 48 concluded that the appropriate N application could not only prolong the duration of the rapid dry matter accumulation stage but also increase GR max and GR avg , which might be caused by the difference in the time of top-dressing N fertilizer. In this study, increasing planting density significantly reduced GR max and GR avg of individual maize plants.…”

Section: Maize Growth and Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of suitable planting density and nitrogen rate for high yield maize and their source–sink relationship in Northwest China

Tong

Kang

et al. 2023

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND Increasing crop yield per unit area by increasing planting density is essential to ensure food security. However, the optimal combination of planting density and nitrogen (N) application for high‐yielding maize and its source–sink characteristics need to be more clearly understood. RESULTS A 2‐year field experiment was conducted combining three planting densities (D1: 70 000 plants ha−1; D2: 100 000 plants ha−1; D3: 130 000 plants ha−1) and three nitrogen rates (N1: 150 kg hm−2; N2: 350 kg hm−2; N3: 450 kg hm−2). The results showed that increasing planting density significantly increased leaf area index and grain yield but negatively affected ear traits. The Richards model was used to fit the dynamic changes of dry matter accumulation of maize under different treatments, and the fitting results were good. Increasing planting density increased population yield while limiting the development of individual plants, bringing the period of rapid dry matter accumulation to an early end and accelerating leaf senescence. An appropriate nitrogen rate could prolong the period of rapid accumulation of dry matter in maize, and increase the 100‐kernel weight. Increasing planting density enhanced post‐silking dry matter accumulation to a lesser extent, and the source–sink relationship of the maize population gradually developed from sink limitation to source limitation with increasing planting density. CONCLUSION The decrease in yield due to the insufficient source strength to meet the sink demand at too high densities was the reason that limited further improvement of the optimal planting density. An appropriate nitrogen rate facilitated the realization of yield potential at high density. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

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“…Drip irrigation is considered one of the most water-efficient micro-irrigation techniques. Integration of water and fertilizer technologies has significantly improved crop yields and water and nitrogen (N) use efficiencies and has been used extensively in arid agricultural production (Surendran et al, 2016;Fan et al, 2020;Ma et al, 2021;Cao et al, 2022). However, surface drip irrigation (SD) has a large, wetted surface area and also tends to form puddles in the saturated zone below the emitter, and therefore, surface evaporation cannot be ignored in arid environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized sand tube irrigation combined with nitrogen application improves jujube yield as well as water and nitrogen use efficiencies in an arid desert region of Northwest China

Bai,

Zhang,

Jia

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Efficient water-saving irrigation techniques and appropriate nitrogen (N) application are keys to solving the problems of water scarcity and irrational fertilization in jujube cultivation. In this study, first, the effects of sand tube irrigation (STI) on surface and subsurface wetted characteristics were investigated using in-situ infiltration tests in a jujube garden. Compared with surface drip irrigation (SD), STI reduced surface wetted area by 57.4% and wetted perimeter of the surface wetted circle by 37.1% and increased subsurface maximum infiltration distance of wetting front by 64.9%. At the optimal sand tube depth of 20 cm, surface wetted area of the surface wetted circle decreased by 65.4% and maximum infiltration distance of the wetting front increased by 70.9%, compared with SD. Two-year field experiments then investigated the effects of STI and SD on soil water storage, jujube leaf chlorophyll, net photosynthetic rate, actual water consumption, fruit yield, and water (WUE) and N (NUE) use efficiencies at four levels of N (pure nitrogen: N1, 0; N2, 286 kg ha–1; N3, 381 kg ha–1; N4, 476 kg ha–1) at the same irrigation amount (45 mm irrigation–1, total of 8). Compared with SD, STI increased soil water storage 18.0% (2021) and 15.6% (2022) during the entire growth period and also chlorophyll content, nitrogen balance index, and net photosynthetic rate, with both increasing and then decreasing with increasing N. Compared with SD, STI increased yields by 39.1% and 36.5% and WUE by 44.3% and 39.7% in 2021 and 2022, respectively. Nitrogen use efficiency was 2.5 (2021) and 1.6 (2022) times higher with STI than with SD. STI combined with N3 had the highest yield, WUE, NUE, and net income and is thus recommended as the optimal water–N combination. In conclusion, STI combined with appropriate N application can be an effective water-saving irrigation technology alternative to SD in jujube cultivation in arid areas.

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Effects of drip irrigation nitrogen coupling on dry matter accumulation and yield of Summer Maize in arid areas of China

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of the Rate of Nitrogen Application on Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield Formation of Densely Planted Maize

Effect of the Rate of Nitrogen Application on Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield Formation of Densely Planted Maize

Combination of suitable planting density and nitrogen rate for high yield maize and their source–sink relationship in Northwest China

Optimized sand tube irrigation combined with nitrogen application improves jujube yield as well as water and nitrogen use efficiencies in an arid desert region of Northwest China

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