Effects of drought and subsequent rewatering on <i>Rumex obtusifolius</i> leaves of different ages: reversible and irreversible damages

Gilgen, Anna Katarina; Feller, Urs

doi:10.1080/17429145.2013.765043

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…One of the aims of our study was to analyze whether the exogenous application of BRs might differently mitigate the negative impact of drought on plants in two different leaves: those that were already fully developed at the beginning of stress and those that were still developing during stress period. Several authors (Mostajeran and Rahimi-Eichi, 2009;Gilgen and Feller, 2014;Budičet al, 2016) found that older leaves are more affected by Frontiers in Plant Science frontiersin.org drought than younger leaves. However, in relation to the BRs role in plant drought response, this aspect has not been previously examined.…”

Section: Effects Of Exogenous Br Application On Leaves Of Different Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Contents of endogenous brassinosteroids and the response to drought and/or exogenously applied 24-epibrassinolide in two different maize leaves

et al. 2023

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Exogenously applied brassinosteroids (BRs) improve plant response to drought. However, many important aspects of this process, such as the potential differences caused by different developmental stages of analyzed organs at the beginning of drought, or by BR application before or during drought, remain still unexplored. The same applies for the response of different endogenous BRs belonging to the C27, C28-and C29- structural groups to drought and/or exogenous BRs. This study examines the physiological response of two different leaves (younger and older) of maize plants exposed to drought and treated with 24-epibrassinolide (epiBL), together with the contents of several C27, C28-and C29-BRs. Two timepoints of epiBL application (prior to and during drought) were utilized to ascertain how this could affect plant drought response and the contents of endogenous BRs. Marked differences in the contents of individual BRs between younger and older maize leaves were found: the younger leaves diverted their BR biosynthesis from C28-BRs to C29-BRs, probably at the very early biosynthetic steps, as the levels of C28-BR precursors were very low in these leaves, whereas C29-BR levels vere extremely high. Drought also apparently negatively affected contents of C28-BRs (particularly in the older leaves) and C29-BRs (particularly in the younger leaves) but not C27-BRs. The response of these two types of leaves to the combination of drought exposure and the application of exogenous epiBL differed in some aspects. The older leaves showed accelerated senescence under such conditions reflected in their reduced chlorophyll content and diminished efficiency of the primary photosynthetic processes. In contrast, the younger leaves of well-watered plants showed at first a reduction of proline levels in response to epiBL treatment, whereas in drought-stressed, epiBL pre-treated plants they were subsequently characterized by elevated amounts of proline. The contents of C29- and C27-BRs in plants treated with exogenous epiBL depended on the length of time between this treatment and the BR analysis regardless of plant water supply; they were more pronounced in plants subjected to the later epiBL treatment. The application of epiBL before or during drought did not result in any differences of plant response to this stressor.

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Section: Effects Of Exogenous Br Application On Leaves Of Different Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Contents of endogenous brassinosteroids and the response to drought and/or exogenously applied 24-epibrassinolide in two different maize leaves

et al. 2023

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“…(broadleaf dock) compared with its aerial parts has been reported by Gilgen and Feller (2013). The allocation of solutes to the roots helps R. obtusifolius plants to recover quickly from drought stress; this rapid recovery is a key factor for overall plant performance and competitiveness against other species, especially under stress (Gilgen and Feller, 2013, 2014).…”

Section: Weeds Drought and High Temperaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference of weeds in vegetable crop cultivation, in the changing climate of Southern Europe with emphasis on drought and elevated temperatures: a review

et al. 2018

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It is challenging to predict the changes in weed flora that may occur because of changes in global climate. Limited data are available on the effect of climate change and drought conditions on weed flora and their competitiveness in Southern Europe. Future predictions by scientists indicate reduced and untimely rainfall, along with increased temperatures in this region. Weeds possess a variety of developmental and physiological mechanisms, including senescing, increased leaf cuticular wax deposition, well-developed palisade parenchyma in the leaves, high root/shoot ratio, stomatal closure, peroxidase accumulation and symbiosis with endophytes that enable them to adapt to drought and high temperatures. Because of high adaptability of weeds to adverse environmental conditions, it can be assumed that under future warmer and drier environmental conditions, their growth will be favoured, while the competitiveness of vegetable crops against weeds will be decreased. It is important to highlight that the predicted decrease in overall rainfall levels throughout the year may lead to increased problems of herbicide residues (carryover effects) to following crops. The current paper provides an up-to-date overview of the adaptation mechanisms of weed species commonly found in Southern Europe, in order to expand the available knowledge regarding their response to drought and elevated temperatures. Emphasis is placed on revealing the effects of drought and increased temperatures on vegetable–weed competition and, most importantly, its effect on vegetable crop yield.

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“…The number and the area of active leaves per plant is important for the overall performance of a plant (Munne-Bosch and Alegre, 2004). The formation and expansion of young leaves and senescence of old leaves are equally important in this context (Lefi et al, 2004;Simova-Stoilova et al, 2010;Mahdid et al, 2011;Gilgen and Feller, 2014). The catabolism of proteins in older leaves allows a redistribution of nitrogen from senescing tissues to other plant parts (Feller and Fischer, 1994), while the small percentage of nitrogen present in chlorophyll remains in modified form in the vacuoles of senescing or senesced cells (Hörtensteiner, 2006).…”

Section: Leaf Survival and Altered Timing Of Senescencementioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme climatic events: impacts of drought and high temperature on physiological processes in agronomically important plants

Feller

Vaseva

2014

Front. Environ. Sci.

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113

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Climate models predict more frequent and more severe extreme events (e.g., heat waves, extended drought periods, flooding) in many regions for the next decades. The impact of adverse environmental conditions on crop plants is ecologically and economically relevant. This review is focused on drought and heat effects on physiological status and productivity of agronomically important plants. Stomatal opening represents an important regulatory mechanism during drought and heat stress since it influences simultaneously water loss via transpiration and CO 2 diffusion into the leaf apoplast which further is utilized in photosynthesis. Along with the reversible short-term control of stomatal opening, stomata and leaf epidermis may produce waxy deposits and irreversibly down-regulate the stomatal conductance and non-stomatal transpiration. As a consequence photosynthesis will be negatively affected. Rubisco activase-a key enzyme in keeping the Calvin cycle functional-is heat-sensitive and may become a limiting factor at elevated temperature. The accumulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) during stress represent an additional challenge under unfavorable conditions. Drought and heat cause accumulation of free amino acids which are partially converted into compatible solutes such as proline. This is accompanied by lower rates of both nitrate reduction and de novo amino acid biosynthesis. Protective proteins (e.g., dehydrins, chaperones, antioxidant enzymes or the key enzyme for proline biosynthesis) play an important role in leaves and may be present at higher levels under water deprivation or high temperatures. On the whole plant level, effects on long-distance translocation of solutes via xylem and phloem and on leaf senescence (e.g., anticipated, accelerated or delayed senescence) are important. The factors mentioned above are relevant for the overall performance of crops under drought and heat and must be considered for genotype selection and breeding programs.

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Effects of drought and subsequent rewatering on Rumex obtusifolius leaves of different ages: reversible and irreversible damages

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Contents of endogenous brassinosteroids and the response to drought and/or exogenously applied 24-epibrassinolide in two different maize leaves

Contents of endogenous brassinosteroids and the response to drought and/or exogenously applied 24-epibrassinolide in two different maize leaves

Interference of weeds in vegetable crop cultivation, in the changing climate of Southern Europe with emphasis on drought and elevated temperatures: a review

Extreme climatic events: impacts of drought and high temperature on physiological processes in agronomically important plants

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