Effects of Drought on Agriculture

Abstract

With the increasing world population, excessive and unconscious use of resources on earth disrupts the balance of nature. The disturbed balance affects many factors such as hunger, disappearance of living species, soil and environmental pollution, deterioration of vegetation, water scarcity. Since fruit growing is a perennial agricultural activity, it is greatly affected by climate change. Extreme weather conditions occurring during winter rest, flowering, bud formation and fruiting period, which are important for the cultivation of fruit species, affect the cultivation to a great extent. Therefore, there are significant decreases in fruit yield and quality. Drought stress is becoming more and more important in fruit growing due to the decline in the quantity and quality of water resources worldwide and causes changes in the normal physiological functions of economically important plants. In this study, it was aimed to synthesise the studies on the effects of drought on plants, physiological reactions and adaptation mechanisms of plants, the effects of climate change on fruit growing, to better understand the importance of the subject and to contribute to new researches.