Effects of drought on cattle production in sub-tropical environments

Dzavo, Takunda; Zindove, Titus Jairus; Dhliwayo, M.; Chimonyo, M.

doi:10.1007/s11250-018-1741-1

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Therefore, they do not provide for optimum microbial growth in the rumen. As a result, animals raised on these low nutritive feeds exhibit poor condition and reduced reproductive performance [23]. Crop residues are managed in many ways for livestock feeding.…”

Section: Crop Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Livestock Feeds and Feeding in Semi-Arid Areas of Southern Africa

Mudzengi¹,

Dahwa²,

Kapembeza³

2020

Livestock Health and Farming

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Livestock production is the major source of rural livelihoods in semi-arid regions of Southern Africa. However, nutrition is the major limiting factor of livestock production in these areas characterised by declines in rangeland productivity due to the increases in drought frequency, deliberate overstocking by farmers, and climate change and variability. For instance, the grazing resource is strongly influenced by seasonality of rainfall. Poor-quality cereal crop residues are the main dry season supplementary feed source, yet the predominant crops such as sorghum and maize are deficient in protein and other essential nutrients. Additionally, although conventional supplements, fodder crops and agro by-products are an alternative dry season supplementary feed source; they are costly and not readily available. They are also mostly based on staple food crops such as maize, creating competition in use between humans and livestock. Therefore, indigenous browse species remain a significant source of abundant and persistent animal feeds. Other innovations with the potential to improve feed availability include straw ammoniation and silages, veld reinforcement and rehabilitation, and strategic destocking. However, they are not readily adopted by farmers. There is thus a need to promote technologies that improve livestock feeds and feeding for sustainable livelihoods.

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Section: Crop Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Livestock Feeds and Feeding in Semi-Arid Areas of Southern Africa

Mudzengi¹,

Dahwa²,

Kapembeza³

2020

Livestock Health and Farming

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“…Drought or soil moisture stress is characterised by periods of below average precipitation which are poorly distributed and has become more frequent and enormous problem worldwide (Dzavo et al, 2019;Forni et al, 2017). Drought has negative impact on species diversity, quantity, quality and reliability of forage as well as rangeland vegetation patterns (Giridhar and Samireddypalle, 2015;Nardone et al, 2010).…”

Section: Characterization For Drought Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among all species characterized, C. ciliaris expressed a potential for seed production even under moisture deficit by having no significant difference with the watered treatments (Koech et al, 2014). A good number of ruminants are lost in Sub-Saharan Africa in the periods of drought causing financial loss and food insecurity (Dzavo et al, 2019). Nardone et al (2010) pointed out that drought affect production in terms of growth, yield and quality of forage produced.…”

Section: Characterization For Drought Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of plant characterization: First step towards sustainable forage production in challenging environments

Lutatenekwa¹,

Mtengeti²,

Msalya³

2020

Afr. J. Plant Sci.

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This review paper attempts to give account of how plant characterization assists the availability of information on desirable plant traits, to enhance selective breeding for environmental stresses and thus attain sustainable forage production. Plant characterization is referred to as an account for heritable characters varying from agronomical, morphological to molecular markers. It simplifies grouping of accessions, development of core collections, identification of gaps and retrieval of valuable germplasm for breeding programmes resulting in better insight about the composition of the collection and its genetic diversity. Plant characterization by morphological, physiological and agronomic traits has long been used in selective breeding. Advancement of characterization to the use of molecular markers speed up the process and permits optimal utilization of the adaptive traits harboured in all breeds for stressful environments. In countries like Tanzania, where agro-climatic conditions are challenging, technological progress is slow and market institutions are poorly developed, selecting highly adaptive local varieties is important. Knowledge from characterization of local varieties could be used to breed adaptive and resilient varieties. This will help the farmers to produce enough forage in the fast changing and stressful environmental conditions.

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“…This is a result of livestock farmers selling most of their animals following dry spell. This practice enables farmers to remain with a small number of animals that can be supported by the available pastures (Dzavo et al, 2019). In reference to goats slaughtered in dry and wet season, 1.04 more and 0.99 less sheep and cattle were slaughtered in the dry season compared to the wet season.…”

Section: Livestock Numbers Slaughtered During the Dry And Wet Seasonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abattoir waste use in livestock diets: Uganda’s current situation

Mwesigwa

Migwi

King'ori

et al. 2020

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech.

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In this study, we investigated the various ways slaughter wastes are utilized, problems encountered in order to give insights in future prospects of abattoir wastes as livestock feeds. A total of 100 abattoir workers were interviewed through semi-structured questionnaires covering Kampala, Wakiso and Mukono districts in Uganda. Results revealed that majority of abattoir work force were middle-aged adults between 30-45 years contributing 37% of total workers. There was a significant association between abattoir workers responses in relation to the proportion of livestock slaughtered (Chi square 147.55; df =2; p<0.0001) in the abattoirs. With reference to cattle, 1.06 and 1.01 more sheep and goats were slaughtered respectively in the dry season in comparison to the wet season. Blood was mostly disposed as animal feed ingredient (blood meal) by 40% of the respondents while rumen contents were mostly sold as manure by 59% of the respondents. Only 16% of the respondents processed rumen contents for livestock feeding. 92.3% of bones were sold for dog feeding while 7.7% of bones were processed for livestock feed ingredients. Polythene bags were reported the biggest contaminants found in slaughter wastes. Stench from slaughter wastes contents was the biggest problem encountered with handling of waste products by (62%) of the respondents. The handling of abattoir wastes was still rudimental at most abattoirs as envisaged by lack of proper handling facilities at the abattoirs. There is need for regular enforcements to ensure proper abattoir waste disposal mechanisms for enhanced livestock use. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(1): 129-134, June 2020

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Effects of drought on cattle production in sub-tropical environments

Cited by 26 publications

References 12 publications

Livestock Feeds and Feeding in Semi-Arid Areas of Southern Africa

Livestock Feeds and Feeding in Semi-Arid Areas of Southern Africa

A review of plant characterization: First step towards sustainable forage production in challenging environments

Abattoir waste use in livestock diets: Uganda’s current situation

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