Effects of Drought on Morphological Traits in Some Cowpea Genotypes by Evaluating Their Combining Abilities

Olajide, Amos Afolarin; Ilori, Christopher Olumuyiwa

doi:10.1155/2017/7265726

“…Cowpea is greatly in uenced by seasonal environmental uctuations and shows large genotype by environment interaction (GEI), which is a major challenge in obtaining a full understanding of genetic control of varieties when compared across a series of environments (Kuruma et al, 2019a;Olajide & Ilori, 2017;Shegro et al, 2020;Simion, 2018;Simion et al, 2018). Studying and understanding of GEI is important to plant breeding programs for improving yield and yield components (Alberts, 2004;Yan & Tinker, 2006) and is also used for identifying the basic causes of differences between genotypes for yield stability (Yan & Tinker, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotype by environment interaction and grain yield stability of drought tolerant cowpea landraces in Ethiopia

Mekonnen

¹

,

Mekbib

²

,

Amsalu

³

et al. 2022

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Cowpea is one of the most important indigenous food and forage legumes in Africa. It serves as a primary source of protein for poor farmers in drought-prone areas of Ethiopia. The crop is used as a source of food, and insurance crop during the dry season. Cowpea is adaptable to a wide range of climatic conditions. Despite this, the productivity of the crop is generally low due to lack of stable and drought tolerant varieties. In this study, 25 cowpea genotypes were evaluated in ve environments using a triple lattice design during the 2017 and 2018 main cropping seasons. The objectives of this study were to estimate the magnitude of genotype by environment interaction (GEI) and grain yield stability of selected drought tolerant cowpea genotypes across different environments. The additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model indicated the contribution of environment, genotype and GEI as 63.98 6%, 2.66% and 16.30% of the total variation for grain yield, respectively. The magnitudes of the GEI sum of squares were 6.12 times that of the genotypes for grain yield. The IPCA1, IPCA2 and IPCA3 were all signi cant and explained 45.47%, 28.05% and 16.59% of the GEI variation, respectively. The results from AMMI, cultivar superior measure (Pi), genotype plus genotype-by-environment (GGE) biplot yield stability index (YSI), and AMMI stability value (ASV) analyses identi ed NLLP-CPC-07-145-21, NLLP-CPC-103-B and NLLP_CPC-07-54 as stable and high yielding genotypes across environments. Thus, these genotypes should be recommended for release for production for drought prone areas. NLLP-CPC-07-143, Kanketi and CP-EXTERETIS were the least stable. The AMMI1 biplot showed that Jinka was a high potential and favorable environment while Babile was an unfavorable environment for cowpea production.GGE biplots help visualize and compare the distance between each genotype and the ideal genotype located at the center of the concentric circle (Yan and Rajcan 2002). The ideal genotypes, based on proximity to the center of the concentric circle of the GGE biplot were ACC-216-747 and NLLP-CPC-07-145-21, with high yield and stability (Figure 2). In addition, NLLP-CPC-07-10 was located on the next homocentric circle and might be considered as a desirable genotype. In principle, the ideal genotype should have the longest vector, highest mean performance and with zero GEI, and/or it should perform consistently in all environments. Because of the genetic background or nature of the traits (yield) and level of expression, the ideal genotype does not always exist in reality. Therefore, such like genotypes the breeders can be used as a reference for genotype for further study. Genotypes which were high yielding but were not stable across environments could be recommended for a particular environment. Yan & Rajcan (2002) and Yan et al. (2007) speci ed that the environments with long vectors (PC1 scores) and relatively small angles or absolute with the AEC abscissa are valuable for greater discriminatory capacity (in terms of the geno...

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“…Drought tolerance, a quantitative trait, is governed by multiple gene(s) and highly influenced by G×E interaction (Fleury et al., ). Studies based on classical genetics viz., diallel analysis, generation mean analysis have provided initial knowledge on genetic basis of drought tolerance, relying largely on yield and yield‐related components under well‐watered and water‐limited conditions in chickpea (Farshadfar, Sabaghpour, & Khaksar, ; Jagadish & Jayalakshmi, ), common bean (Arruda et al., ; Gonçalves et al., ), cowpea (Olajide & Ilori, ; Rodrigues, Damasceno‐Silva, Rocha, Bastos, & Santos, ) and groundnut (Dutra et al., ; Lal, Hariprasanna, Bharat, & Gor, ). However, slow response to selection reported for various drought tolerance traits has limited the progress of developing tolerant cultivars in grain legumes.…”

Section: Genetic Architecture Of Drought Tolerance In Grain Legumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in “omics” approaches to tackle drought stress in grain legumes

Jha

¹

,

Nayyar

²

2019

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Grain legumes being affordable sources of proteins, vitamins and essential micronutrients are key to human nutrition worldwide. However, frequent drought episodes present serious threat to grain legume production worldwide. Advances in legume omics in concert with evolving phenotyping and breeding techniques hold great promise to improve drought response of these crops. These resources could underpin prebreeding efforts to expedite discovery and deployment of novel drought tolerance traits into elite backgrounds. Fast‐track transfer of traits that confer drought tolerance using marker technologies has been demonstrated in grain legumes like chickpea. However, complex genetic architecture of drought tolerance demands embracing more efficient tools like genomic selection (GS) for accelerated trait improvement. Recent studies on GS for addressing complex traits like drought tolerance have yielded encouraging results in these crops. Recently, speed breeding (SB) protocols have also been optimized for the improvement of long‐day/day‐neutral grain legumes. Efficacy of SB protocols with regard to complex traits awaits further evidences though. There remains immense scope for integrating SB with GS and gene editing to deliver drought‐tolerant cultivars.

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“…Cowpea is greatly in uenced by seasonal environmental uctuations and shows large genotype by environment interaction (GEI), which is a major challenge in obtaining a full understanding of genetic control of varieties when compared across a series of environments (Kuruma et al, 2019a;Olajide & Ilori, 2017;Shegro et al, 2020;Simion, 2018;Simion et al, 2018). Studying and understanding of GEI is important to plant breeding programs for improving yield and yield components (Alberts, 2004;Yan & Tinker, 2006) and is also used for identifying the basic causes of differences between genotypes for yield stability (Yan & Tinker, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotype by Environment Interaction and Grain Yield Stability of Drought Tolerant Cowpea landraces in Ethiopia

Mekonnen

¹

,

Mekbib

²

,

Amsalu

³

et al. 2021

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cowpea is one of the most important indigenous food and forage legumes in Africa. It serves as a primary source of protein for poor farmers in drought-prone areas of Ethiopia. The crop is used as a source of food, and insurance crop during the dry season. Cowpea is adaptable to a wide range of climatic conditions. Despite this, the productivity of the crop is generally low due to lack of stable and drought tolerant varieties. In this study, 25 cowpea genotypes were evaluated in five environments using a triple lattice design during the 2017 and 2018 main cropping seasons. The objectives of this study were to estimate the magnitude of genotype by environment interaction (GEI) and grain yield stability of selected drought tolerant cowpea genotypes across different environments. The additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model indicated the contribution of environment, genotype and GEI as 63.98 6%, 2.66% and 16.30% of the total variation for grain yield, respectively. The magnitudes of the GEI sum of squares were 6.12 times that of the genotypes for grain yield. The IPCA1, IPCA2 and IPCA3 were all significant and explained 45.47%, 28.05% and 16.59% of the GEI variation, respectively. The results from AMMI, cultivar superior measure (Pi), genotype plus genotype-by-environment (GGE) biplot yield stability index (YSI), and AMMI stability value (ASV) analyses identified NLLP-CPC-07-145-21, NLLP-CPC-103-B and NLLP_CPC-07-54 as stable and high yielding genotypes across environments. Thus, these genotypes should be recommended for release for production for drought prone areas. NLLP-CPC-07-143, Kanketi and CP-EXTERETIS were the least stable. The AMMI1 biplot showed that Jinka was a high potential and favorable environment while Babile was an unfavorable environment for cowpea production.

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Effects of Drought on Morphological Traits in Some Cowpea Genotypes by Evaluating Their Combining Abilities

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Genotype by environment interaction and grain yield stability of drought tolerant cowpea landraces in Ethiopia

Genotype by environment interaction and grain yield stability of drought tolerant cowpea landraces in Ethiopia

Advances in “omics” approaches to tackle drought stress in grain legumes

Genotype by Environment Interaction and Grain Yield Stability of Drought Tolerant Cowpea landraces in Ethiopia

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