Effects of early energy and protein restriction on growth performance, clinical blood parameters, carcass yield, and tibia parameters of broilers

Yang, Haiming; Wang, Wei; Wang, Zhi‐yue; Yang, Zhi; Banghong, Hou; Huang, Kai; Lu, Hao

doi:10.1016/s2095-3119(15)61234-5

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In many references, the feed was withdrawn from the chickens for 12 h before sacrifice to eliminate the digestive tract content (Sun et al, 2017 ; Ghosh et al, 2016 ; Yang et al, 2016 ). However, fasting eliminates digestive tract content and then affects the gastrointestinal pH value.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening lactic acid bacteria to manufacture two-stage fermented feed and pelleting to investigate the feeding effect on broilers

2018

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Bacillus subtilis var. natto N21 (BS) and different lactic acid bacteria were applied to produce two-stage fermented feeds. Broilers were fed these feeds to select the best fermented feed. The selected fermented feed was pelleted and investigated for its effects on growth performance, carcass traits, intestinal microflora, serum biochemical constituents, and apparent ileal nutrient digestibility. Trial 1 involved three hundred thirty-six 1-d-old broilers with equal numbers of each sex, randomly assigned into control, BS + Bacillus coagulans L12 (BBC), BS + Lactobacillus casei (BLC), BS + Lactobacillus acidophilus (BLA), BS + Lactobacillus acidophilus L15 (BLA15), BS + Lactobacillus delbruekckii (BLD), and BS + Lactobacillus reuteri P24 (BLR24) groups with 3 replicates per group. Trial 2 involved two hundred forty 1-d-old broilers with equal numbers of each sex, randomly assigned into control, BBC, and pelleted BS + Bacillus coagulans L12 fermented feed (PBBC) groups with 4 replicates per group. Trial 3 involved sixteen 21-d-old male broilers randomly assigned into control and PBBC groups with 4 replicates per group for a nutrient digestibility trial. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the BBC group was better than the control (P < 0.05), and the production efficiency factor (PEF) was the best. However, weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), and PEF were the lowest in the BLD group (P < 0.05). The WG during 0 to 21 d and 0 to 35 d in the PBBC groups were higher than the control (P < 0.05). The relative weight of the proventriculus + gizzard in the BBC and PBBC groups were higher than the control (P < 0.05). The digestible amino acid content in the PBBC group increased significantly (P < 0.05). Bacillus coagulans L12 is the best lactic acid bacteria for second stage fermentation. PBBC improved broiler growth performance, which may be due to the higher digestible amino acid content, it has the potential to become a commercial feed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening lactic acid bacteria to manufacture two-stage fermented feed and pelleting to investigate the feeding effect on broilers

2018

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“…By d 42 in the current study, both BMD and BMC were lower in all the birds receiving low-protein diets compared to the PC diets. Yang et al [ 64 ] observed no significant effects of different protein dilution levels of broiler starter diets on bone responses. A likely explanation for the observation in the current study regarding the effect of protein reduction is the overall reduction in the feed intake of birds receiving the low-protein diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial Replacement of Soybean Meal with Canola Meal or Corn DDGS in Low-Protein Diets Supplemented with Crystalline Amino Acids—Effect on Growth Performance, Whole-Body Composition, and Litter Characteristics

Ajao

White

Kim

et al. 2022

Animals

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A 42-day study was conducted to explore the application of supplemental amino acids (AA) in low-protein diets with soybean meal (SBM), canola meal (CM) or corn distillers dried grain with solubles (cDDGS) as the main protein feedstuffs. The responses of interest were growth performance, carcass yield, whole-body composition, litter ammonia and litter N. On d 0, a total of 540 Cobb 500 (off-sex) male broilers were allocated to 36 floor pens. All the birds received one starter diet that met nutrient requirements during the first 10d. Thereafter, six experimental diets were provided in grower and finisher phases. The diets included a positive control (PC): a corn–SBM diet with adequate protein. The protein level of the negative control (NC) was decreased by 45 g/kg relative to the PC. The next two diets had the same protein levels as the NC but with cDDGS added at 50 or 125 g/kg. The last two diets had the same CP as the NC but with CM added at 50 or 100 g/kg. All the low-protein diets had the same level of standardized ileal digestible indispensable AA according to Cobb 500 recommended level. Gly and Ser were added as sources of non-specific N. The dietary protein reduction in corn–SBM diets at both phases decreased (p < 0.05) weight gain and increased (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR). Increasing levels of cDDGS or CM, at a constant CP level, linearly decreased (p < 0.05) the weight gain and feed intake, whereas increasing CM level linearly increased (p < 0.05) FCR in the grower and finisher phases. The eviscerated and carcass yields decreased, whereas the fat yield increased (p < 0.05) with reduced protein in corn–SBM diet. Increasing levels of cDDGS and CM at a constant CP level quadratically decreased (p < 0.05) the eviscerated weight, whereas the fat weight linearly decreased (p < 0.05) with increasing levels of cDDGS and CM. The birds receiving the PC diet had a lower (p < 0.05) lean muscle (%) and a higher fat (%) compared to birds receiving the NC diet at d 21. However, on d42, birds receiving the PC diet had decreased (p < 0.05) bone mineral density, bone mineral content and lean weight compared to those receiving the NC diet. The litter ammonia increased (p < 0.05) with the increasing levels of protein in the SBM diets. In conclusion, 50g/kg inclusion levels of CM and cDDGS at the same low-protein levels as SBM produced a similar growth response to the NC, whereas higher levels were detrimental. Hence under the conditions of the current experiment, complete replacement of SBM with DDGS or CM in low-protein diets was not feasible.

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“…Water as an aversive stimulus has been shown to provide avoidance motivation, resulting in broilers with strong bones being able to stand for 600 seconds, whereas those with poor bone development might succumb to their weight and sit down sooner (Berg & Sanotra, 2003;Yang et al, 2016). In the current study, broilers that had humic acid in their diets had the highest standing persistency, while those fed a diet with enzyme complex only had the weakest bones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humic acid and enzymes in canola-based broiler diets: Effects on bone development, intestinal histomorphology and immune development

Disetlhe¹,

Marume²,

Mlambo³

et al. 2017

SA J. An. Sci.

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The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of humic acid and enzymes on bone development, histomorphology of internal organs and the incidence of rickets in broiler chickens fed canola-based diets. In the study, Cobb 500 broiler chicks were used and the following five dietary treatments were administered: control (commercial diet); CM (17.5% canola meal inclusion); CMEnz (17.5% CM inclusion + 0.3g/kg Axtra XAP); CMPh (17.5% CM inclusion + 1.5% potassium humate (PH)); and CMEnzPh (17.5% CM inclusion + 1.5% PH + 0.3g/kg Axtra XAP). These diets were formulated and randomly allocated to 20 pens (experimental units), each housing 11 birds. The birds were phase fed, with the starter diet being given to all birds from day 1 to day 14. During the grower (days 15-28) and finisher phases (days 29-42) birds were fed the experimental diets. Diet differed significantly across all treatments on latency-to-lie (LTL) test. Broilers fed CMEnz had the lowest standing persistence (2.88 ± 2.69 min) and those on CMEnzPh had the highest (11.19 ± 2.69 min), followed by those offered the control diet (9.05 ± 2.69 min). Gross lesion analysis displayed high prevalence of rickets in boilers fed CMEnz diet compared with all other dietary treatments. Intestinal morphometric parameters demonstrated some dietary differences in the height and width of the intestinal villi and intestinal crypts. In conclusion, inclusion of humic acid in canola-based diets appeared to positively influence digestion and assimilation dynamics that were consequential to the improvement in bone and immune development in broilers. ______________________________________________________________________________________

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Effects of early energy and protein restriction on growth performance, clinical blood parameters, carcass yield, and tibia parameters of broilers

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Screening lactic acid bacteria to manufacture two-stage fermented feed and pelleting to investigate the feeding effect on broilers

Screening lactic acid bacteria to manufacture two-stage fermented feed and pelleting to investigate the feeding effect on broilers

Partial Replacement of Soybean Meal with Canola Meal or Corn DDGS in Low-Protein Diets Supplemented with Crystalline Amino Acids—Effect on Growth Performance, Whole-Body Composition, and Litter Characteristics

Humic acid and enzymes in canola-based broiler diets: Effects on bone development, intestinal histomorphology and immune development

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