Effects of Echinacea Purpurea on Cryptosporidiosis in Immunosuppressed Experimentally Infected Mice

Atia, Amany F.; Dawoud, Marwa M.; El-Refai, Samar A.

doi:10.21608/mjcu.2018.60289

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 41 publications

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“…That gives an indication about the ability of quails to infection in the early days of life that's due to an incomplete immune system and also due to the ability to infect with first time by high doses. And also agree with (Al-Khayat and Al-Zubaidi, 2015;Kadhim and Al-Zubaidi, 2018;Marwa et al, 2018;El-Shafei et al, 2018).…”

Section: Drug Effectivnesssupporting

confidence: 82%

Biology, Histopathology and Treatment Evaluation Against Cryptosporidium meleagirids on Infected Quails

Yahya¹,

Al-Zubaidi²

2023

AAVS

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Cryptosporidium is a ubiquitous protozoan parasite causing gastrointestinal disorders in various hosts worldwide. The current study was undertaken to study the biology of Cryptosporidium meleagridis and examine the anti-Cryptosporidial efficacy of curcumin in experimentally infected quails compared with that of paromomycin. This study carries out from September 2022 to January 2023 in Baghdad city, Iraq. Oocysts were isolated from naturally infected quails identified as Cryptosporidium meleagridis and used as a strain in experimental infection, about fifty birds were divided into five groups (G1: control negative group (con-), G2: control positive group (con+), G3: infected and treated with paromomycin, G4: infected and treated with curcumin and G5: uninfected and received curcumin). The oocyst shedding was recorded daily for 30 days. At 3,8,14, and 23 days post-infection (DPI), two quails from each group were killed humanely; ileum tissue samples were collected before and processed for histopathological evaluation. Improvement of tissue and the number of oocysts on the villi decreased after treatment. In comparison with G2, oocyst shedding was stopped at the end of the treatment period in both G3 and G4 without recurrence 10 days after drug withdrawal. The pre-patient periods (p.p) was 8-9 DPI. The maximum intensity was 11,000 oocysts per gram of feces. The first clinical sign was detected on 8 th DPI. Top of shedding occurred on 14 DPI, The patient period was 16 DPI. No clinical signs appeared on experimentally infected birds, (incubation period of 8 days). Histopathology examination of the infected ileum showed the development stages of C. meleagridis. There were significant differences between the curcumin (4.33 mg/kg/day) and paromomycin (100 mg/kg/day) treatments. Curcumin was able to treat the infection and needed father evaluation.

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Section: Drug Effectivnesssupporting

confidence: 82%

Biology, Histopathology and Treatment Evaluation Against Cryptosporidium meleagirids on Infected Quails

Yahya¹,

Al-Zubaidi²

2023

AAVS

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The immunomodulatory activity of secnidazole–nitazoxanide in a murine cryptosporidiosis model

Madbouly

Amir

Kader

et al. 2021

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Introduction. Cryptosporidium parvum causes intestinal parasitic infections affecting both immunosuppressed and immunocompetent individuals. Gap statement. Given the absence of effective treatments for cryptosporidiosis, especially in immunodeficient patients, the present study was designed to assess the therapeutic efficacy of secnidazole (SEC) and its combination with nitazoxanide (NTZ) in comparison to single NTZ treatment in relation to the immune status of a murine model of C. parvum infection. Methodology. The infected groups were administered NTZ, SEC or NTZ–SEC for three or five successive doses. At days 10 and 12 post-infection (p.i.), the mice were sacrificed, and the efficacy of the applied drugs was evaluated by comparing the histopathological alterations in ileum and measuring the T helper Th1 (interferon gamma; IFN-γ), Th2 [interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10] and Th17 (IL-17) cytokine profiles in serum. Results. The NTZ–SEC combination recorded the maximal reduction of C. parvum oocyst shedding, endogenous stages count and intestinal histopathology, regardless of the immune status of the infected mice. The efficacy of NTZ–SEC was dependent on the period of administration, as the 5 day-based treatment protocol was also more effective than the 3 day-based one in terms of immunocompetence and immunosuppression. The present treatment schedule induced an immunomodulatory effect from SEC that developed a protective immune response against C. parvum infection with reduced production of serum IL-17, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10. Conclusions. Application of NTZ–SEC combined therapy may be useful in treatment of C. parvum, especially in cases involving immunosuppression.

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Effects of Echinacea Purpurea on Cryptosporidiosis in Immunosuppressed Experimentally Infected Mice

Cited by 2 publications

References 41 publications

Biology, Histopathology and Treatment Evaluation Against Cryptosporidium meleagirids on Infected Quails

Biology, Histopathology and Treatment Evaluation Against Cryptosporidium meleagirids on Infected Quails

The immunomodulatory activity of secnidazole–nitazoxanide in a murine cryptosporidiosis model

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