Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Osteogenesis of Human Alveolar Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Abstract

This study was performed to investigate the effects of extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (ELF-PEMFs) on the proliferation and differentiation of human alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hABMSCs). Osteogenesis is a complex series of events involving the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to generate new bone. In this study, we examined not merely the effect of ELF-PEMFs on cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineralization of the extracellular matrix but vinculin, vimentin, and calmodulin (CaM) expressions in hABMSCs during osteogenic differentiation. Exposure of hABMSCs to ELF-PEMFs increased proliferation by 15% compared to untreated cells at day 5. In addition, exposure to ELF-PEMFs significantly increased ALP expression during the early stages of osteogenesis and substantially enhanced mineralization near the midpoint of osteogenesis within 2 weeks. ELF-PEMFs also increased vinculin, vimentin, and CaM expressions, compared to control. In particular, CaM indicated that ELF-PEMFs significantly altered the expression of osteogenesis-related genes. The results indicated that ELF-PEMFs could enhance early cell proliferation in hABMSCs-mediated osteogenesis and accelerate the osteogenesis.

In VitroEffects of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Stimulation on the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Alveolar Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Tooth Tissue Engineering

“…It has been demonstrated that LIPUS exposure increased cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression which leads to an increase in PGE2 (prostaglandin E2) and plays an essential role in the osseointegration of dental implants [42–44]. Another research showed that extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (ELF-PEMFs) could enhance early cell proliferation in hABMSCs-mediated osteogenesis and accelerate the osteogenesis [45]. VEGF is a key regulator for angiogenesis which is essential to fracture healing [46].…”

Enhancement of osteogenic differentiation of rat adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells by zinc sulphate under electromagnetic field via the PKA, ERK1/2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways

“…At the end of the day 21, formalin-fixed cells were washed in 50% isopropanol and stained with oil Red for 15 min and observed by a light microscope [17]. …”

“…Manjhi et al (2013) reported that chronic (2 h/d × 8 wk) EMF exposure (17.96 μT, 50 Hz) to spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats is effective in attenuating SCI-induced osteoporosis [16]. In a study by Lim et al (2013), it was demonstrated that ELF-PEMF significantly cause the alteration of osteogenesis-related genes expression in human alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells [17]. Yan et al (2015) indicated that 0.6 mT, 50 Hz PEMF stimulates both proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rat calvarial osteoblasts [14].…”

Pulsed‐Electromagnetic‐Field‐Assisted Reduced Graphene Oxide Substrates for Multidifferentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

“…For an in vitro study, four groups were chosen and labeled as follows: 1) Glass, i.e., the group cultured on glass substrates as a control; 2) Glass+PEMFs, the group cultured on glass substrates and irradiated by PEMFs; 3) RGO, the group cultured on RGO substrates; and 4) RGO+PEMFs, the group cultured on RGO substrates and irradiated by PEMFs. The PEMFs were irradiated using a solenoid following the method described in our previous study . A function generator was used to generate square wave electric signals of ±5 V with a frequency of 50 Hz and a 50% duty cycle.…”

“…Thus far, EMFs have been reported to modulate cell proliferation, DNA replication, wound healing, cytokine expression, and cell differentiation . In particular, PEMFs enhanced both the osteogenic differentiation and neurogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) . In addition, EMFs enhanced the direct reprogramming of mouse embryonic fibroblasts into induced pluripotent stem cells .…”