Effects of embedded steel bars upon ultrasonic testing of concrete

Chung, H. W.

doi:10.1680/macr.1978.30.102.19

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…In addition, NDT-UPV has been successfully used investigating the corrosion of mortar and concrete reinforcement [16,17], and in the study of durability of these construction materials [18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. For instance, non-destructive ultrasonic test methods have been used to monitor microcracking in concrete [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity—Compressive Strength Relationship for Portland Cement Mortars Cured at Different Conditions

et al. 2020

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The purpose of this paper is to establish some correlations between the main technical parameter with regard to the cement-based materials technology, the 28-day compressive strength, and ultrasonic pulse velocity of standard mortar samples cured at three different conditions—(i) under water at 22 °C; (ii) climatic chamber at 95% RH and 22 °C; (iii) lab ambient, 50% RH, and 22 °C—and after five curing periods of 1, 2, 7, 14, and 28 days. Good correlations for each curing conditions were obtained. All the positive linear relationships showed better R2 than exponential ones. These findings may promote the use of ultrasonic pulse velocity for the estimation of the 28-day compressive strength of standard Portland cement samples within the factory internal quality control.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity—Compressive Strength Relationship for Portland Cement Mortars Cured at Different Conditions

et al. 2020

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“…Measurements close to steel reinforcement parallel to the direction of pulse propagation should be avoided [12,48,71]. When this is unavoidable, they must then be corrected by correction factors [46,72]. The curing process also affects the correlation between the pulse velocity and the compressive strength of the concrete, especially when accelerated methods are used [73,74].…”

Section: Correlation Between Upv and Compressive Strength Of Concretementioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of concrete structures using the ultrasonic pulse velocity method

Karaiskos

Deraemaeker

Aggelis

et al. 2015

Smart Mater. Struct.

131

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Concrete is the material most produced by humanity. Its popularity is mainly based on the low production cost and the great structural design flexibility. The operational and the ambient loadings including the environmental effects have a great impact in the performance and overall cost of concrete structures. Thus, the quality control, the structural assessment, the maintenance and the reliable prolongation of the operational service life of the existing concrete structures are turned into a major issue. In the recent years, non-destructive testing (NDT) is becoming increasingly essential for reliable and affordable quality control and integrity assessment not only during the construction of new concrete structures, but also for the existing ones. Choosing the right inspection technique is always followed by a compromise between its performance and cost. In the present paper, the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) method, which is the most well-known and widely-accepted ultrasonic concrete NDT method, is thoroughly reviewed and compared with other well-established NDT approaches. Their principles, inherent limitations and reliability are reviewed. In addition, while the majority of the current UPV techniques are based on the use of piezoelectric transducers held on the surface of the concrete, special attention is paid to the very promising technique using low-cost and aggregate-size piezoelectric transducers embedded in the material. That technique has been evaluated based on a series of parameters, such as the ease of use, cost, reliability and performance.

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“…For example, the presence of steel reinforcement in a structure can lead to an apparent increase in the pulse velocity, since pulse velocity is faster in steel than in concrete. This effect is particularly important in heavily reinforced members and when the reinforcing bars are located parallel to the direction of measurement (Bullock and Whitehurst 1959;Chung 1978). In the impact-echo method the fact that the P-wave travels multiple times between opposite surfaces of the test object may allow the influence of the steel reinforcement to be separated out in the frequency domain.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Impact-echo And Pulse Velocity Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nondestructive Evaluation of Early-Age Concrete Strength in Plate Structures by the Impact-Echo Method

1996

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R-waves caused by point impact on a surface. 16 2.2. Reflection of P-wave at acoustic interfaces. 17 2.3. Force-time of elastic impact of a sphere on a solid (Sansalone and Carino 1986). 18 2.4. Frequency content of the force-time function shown in Figure 2.3 (Sansalone and Carino 1986). 18 2.5. Cross-section of slab subject to impact echo-testing. 18 2.6. Typical (a) displacement waveform and (b) frequency spectra obtained from a 0.203 m (8 in.) thick slab specimen. 19 2.7. Anticipated fourth-power relationship between compressive strength and P-wave velocity (Pessiki and Carino 1987). 20 3.1. Methodology of in-place strength estimation (ACI Committee 228 1988). 32 3.2. Strength-velocity data of room cured prepared cylinders (Pessiki and Carino 1987). 32 3.3. Strength-velocity data of hot cured prepared cylinders and best-fit curve of room cured prepared cylinder data in Figure 3.2 (Pessiki and Carino 1987). 33 3.4. Strength-velocity data of cold cured prepared cylinders and best-fit curve of room cured prepared cylinder data in Figure 3.2 (Pessiki and Carino 1987). 33 3.5. Strength-velocity data of lower w-c ratio prepared cylinders and best-fit curve of room cured prepared cylinder data in Figure 3.2 (Pessiki and Carino 1987). 3.6. Strength-velocity data of high aggregate content prepared cylinders and best-fit curve of room cured prepared cylinder data in Figure 3.2 (Pessiki and Carino 1987). 4.1. Specimens 1 and 2-Details and dimensions: (a) plan view, (b) cross section. 4.2. Specimens 3 and 4-Details and dimensions: (a) plan view, (b) cross section. \ 4.3. Specimens 5 and 6-Details and dimensions: (a) plan view, (b) cross section. 4.4. Specimen 7-Details and dimensions: (a) plan view, (b) cross section. 4.5. Specimens 8 and 9-Details and dimensions: (a) plan view, (b) cross section. 4.6. Specimen 10-Details and dimensions: (a) plan view, (b) cross section. ix 4.7. Specimen 11-Details and dimensions: (a) plan view, (b) cross section. 4.8. Specimens 12 and 13-Details and dimensions: (a) plan view, (b) cross section. 55 4.9. Schematic of a typical experiment. 4.10. Schematic of equipment used for testing. 4.11. Displacement transducer (Pessiki and Carino 1987). 58 5.1. Slab and core displacement waveforms and frequency spectra from Specimen 1 at a core strength of 4.7 MPa: (a) slab waveform, (b) slab frequency spectrum, (c) core waveform, (d) core frequency spectrum. 5.2. Slab and core displacement waveforms and frequency spectra from Specimen 1 at a core strength of 8.3 MPa: (a) slab waveform, (b) slab frequency spectrum, (c) core waveform, (d) core frequency spectrum. 5.3. Slab and core displacement waveforms and frequency spectra from Specimen 1 at a core strength of 10.3 MPa: (a) slab waveform, (b) slab frequency spectrum, (c) core waveform, (d) core frequency spectrum. 5.4. Slab and core displacement waveforms and frequency spectra from Specimen 1, at a core strength of 13.8 MPa: (a) slab waveform, (b) slab frequency spectrum, (c) core waveform, (d) core frequency spectrum. 5.5. Slab and core displacement...

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Effects of embedded steel bars upon ultrasonic testing of concrete

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity—Compressive Strength Relationship for Portland Cement Mortars Cured at Different Conditions

Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity—Compressive Strength Relationship for Portland Cement Mortars Cured at Different Conditions

Monitoring of concrete structures using the ultrasonic pulse velocity method

Nondestructive Evaluation of Early-Age Concrete Strength in Plate Structures by the Impact-Echo Method

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