Effects of Embryonic Exposure to Salinity Stress or Hypoxia on Post-metamorphic Growth and Survival of the Polychaete<i>Capitella teleta</i>

Pechenik, Jan A.; Chaparro, Óscar R.; Pilnick, Aaron R.; Karp, Melissa A.; Acquafredda, Michael P.; Burns, Robert T.

doi:10.1086/690090

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Pechenik et al . (2016) described the brood tubes of C. teleta as generally about 8–15 mm long and about 0.6–1.3 mm wide, and did not mention any peculiarity in the shape of the brood tube (like sand accumulation) as observed in Capitella sp. TF (Figure 1B).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is actually unusual for larvae to survive for such a long time (14 days) inside the brood tube without the presence of the mother. Usually C. teleta females do not leave the tube until the larvae hatch (Pechenik & Cerulli, 1991; Pechenik et al ., 2016). The role of the female during the brooding period consists of ventilating the fertilized eggs by periodic body undulations to allow water circulation inside the tube (Reish et al ., 1974; Reish, 1980; Pechenik et al ., 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pechenik et al . (2016) report that females of C. teleta abandon the brood tubes under hypoxia, leading to the death of the offspring. Similarly, Méndez et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early development of twoCapitellaspecies (Annelida: Capitellidae) from the Gulf of Mexico

2019

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Early development of the polychaetesCapitellasp. TF from Tampa, Florida andCapitellasp. TV from Tamiahua Lagoon, Veracruz was studied under laboratory conditions. Our observations indicate that hermaphrodites occur inCapitellasp. TF, but not inCapitellasp. TV. Length and volume of larvae and early juveniles were measured daily. Both species appear to have lecithotrophic development. Sizes and duration of the developmental stages varied widely, as in most known species ofCapitella. Characteristic features ofCapitellasp. TF include very small hermaphrodites with a distinct dorsal pigmentation pattern and characteristically shaped brood tubes with a centrally thickened region. Embryos forced to abandon the brood did not survive more than 3 days, and handling the brood produced alterations in timing. Ciliated metatrochophores fromCapitellasp. TV survived inside the brood without the female for at least 14 days and some larvae hatched and died during settling. Some of these larvae were abnormal, with two rounded protuberances in the two ends. Mortality was high. Fungi and protozoans appeared in the dishes and probably partially induced the production of thicker mucus in the brood tubes, delay in metamorphosis, juvenile mortality, worm length and failure in coupling. Size and duration of the developmental stages were distinctly different from the other putative lecithotrophic species of the complex. These differences and other characteristics of each species discard the possibility that they belong to a previously described species. Our results are applicable to future ecological, morphological and molecular studies of each species, habitat and phylogenetics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early development of twoCapitellaspecies (Annelida: Capitellidae) from the Gulf of Mexico

2019

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“…For many years, researchers working with marine invertebrate larvae have sometimes used Instant Ocean (Spectrum Brands, Blacksburg, VA) or some other artificial substitute for natural seawater (e.g., Red Sea Salt, Marine Biological Laboratory artificial seawater; Table 1), to avoid variation in the chemical composition or quality of natural seawater, because natural seawater was not readily available (e.g., Baloun and Morse, 1984;Pires and Hadfield, 1991;George et al, 2004;Moran and Marko, 2005;Steinberg et al, 2008;Anderson and Epifanio, 2009;Biggers et al, 2011;Pechenik et al, 2016), or to reduce costs for commercial aquaculture operations (Mallasen and Valenti, 1998). As pollution levels in coastal ecosystems increase, and as harmful algal blooms continue to increase in magnitude and frequency (Hallegraeff, 1993;De Rijcke et al, 2016), it may make sense to use artificial seawater for experiments more frequently, particularly for experiments with sensitive developmental stages and for investigating larval responses to low concentrations of chemical cues for metamorphosis (e.g., Barker, 1977;Pechenik and Gee, 1993;Pechenik et al, 1995;Biggers and Laufer, 1999;Thiyagarajan et al, 2005;Burns et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instant Ocean Versus Natural Seawater: Impacts on Aspects of Reproduction and Development in Three Marine Invertebrates

Pechenik¹,

Levy²,

Allen³

2019

The Biological Bulletin

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Marine invertebrate larvae have often been reared in artificial rather than natural seawater, either for convenience or to avoid potentially confounding effects of unknown contaminants. This study sought to determine the impact of artificial seawater on various aspects of development for three marine invertebrate species. We examined the impact of Instant Ocean on growth, survival, and fecundity of the depositfeeding polychaete Capitella teleta at 2 salinities: 24 and 34 ppt; the impact on survival, growth rate, and time to metamorphic competence for the slipper limpet Crepidula fornicata; and the impact on larval growth for the sea star Asterias forbesi. Juveniles of C. teleta survived better in natural seawater than in Instant Ocean at both salinities but at the higher salinity grew more quickly in Instant Ocean; fecundity was not significantly affected by the type of seawater used at either salinity. Using Instant Ocean in place of natural seawater had no pronounced impact on the survival of C. fornicata larvae or on how long it took them to become competent to metamorphose; however, larvae grew somewhat more quickly in Instant Ocean than in natural seawater for the first 4 days of development, but by day 7 they were about 4.5% larger if they had been reared in seawater. The type of seawater used affected the growth of A. forbesi larvae, with larvae growing significantly more slowly in Instant Ocean than in natural seawater, no matter how growth was measured. In conclusion, our results suggest that although Instant Ocean may be a reasonable substitute for natural seawater for work with some species, using it may affect experimental outcomes in some aspects of work with other species.

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“…Crepidula fornicata (Henry, Perry, & Martindale, 2010;Perry & Henry, 2015), and the planarian species Dugesia japonica and Girardia tigrina . In recent years the marine annelid Capitella teleta has been successfully used for investigations related to evolutionary and developmental processes, and also for regeneration and environmental studies (Amiel, Henry, & Seaver, 2013;de Jong & Seaver, 2016;Meyer, Boyle, Martindale, & Seaver, 2010;Meyer, Carrillo-Baltodano, Moore, & Seaver, 2015;Pechenik, Berard, & Kerr, 2000;Pechenik et al, 2016;Seaver, 2016;Sur, Magie, Seaver, & Meyer, 2017). To further add to the importance of C. teleta as a representative annelid, functional genomic studies need to be established in this system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional role ofpax6in eye and central nervous system development in the annelidCapitella teleta

Klann

2018

Preprint

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The transcription factor Pax6 is an important regulator of early animal development. Loss of function mutations of pax6 in a range of animals results in a reduction or complete loss of the eye, a reduction of a subset of neurons, and defects in axon growth. There are no studies focusing on the role of pax6 during development of any lophotrochozoan representative, however, expression of pax6 in the developing eye and nervous system in a number of species suggest that pax6 plays a highly conserved role in eye and nervous system formation. We investigated the functional role of pax6 during development of the marine annelid Capitella teleta. Expression of pax6 transcripts in C. teleta larvae is similar to patterns found in other animals, with distinct subdomains in the brain and ventral nerve cord as well as in the larval and adult eye. To perturb pax6 function, two different splice-blocking morpholinos were used. Larvae resulting from injections with either morpholino show a reduction of the pax6 transcript, and development of both the larval eyes and the central nervous system architecture are highly disrupted. Preliminary downstream target analysis confirms disruption in expression of some components of the retinal gene regulatory network, as well as disruption of genes involved in nervous system development.Results from this study, taken together with studies from other species, reveal an evolutionarily conserved role for pax6 in eye development, and in neural specification and development.

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Effects of Embryonic Exposure to Salinity Stress or Hypoxia on Post-metamorphic Growth and Survival of the PolychaeteCapitella teleta

Cited by 10 publications

References 46 publications

Early development of twoCapitellaspecies (Annelida: Capitellidae) from the Gulf of Mexico

Early development of twoCapitellaspecies (Annelida: Capitellidae) from the Gulf of Mexico

Instant Ocean Versus Natural Seawater: Impacts on Aspects of Reproduction and Development in Three Marine Invertebrates

Functional role ofpax6in eye and central nervous system development in the annelidCapitella teleta

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