Effects of EMIC Wave‐Driven Proton Precipitation on the Ionosphere

Tian, Xingbin; Yu, Yiqun; Zhu, Minglei; Ma, Longxing; Cao, Jinbin; Pr, Shreedevi; Jordanova, V. K.; Solomon, Stanley C.

doi:10.1029/2021ja030101

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Many studies have established the relation of EMIC waves with the proton precipitation, proton aurora, proton isotropy boundary (e.g. Jordanova et al 2001Jordanova et al , 2007Nishimura et al 2014;Yahnina and Yahnin 2014;Fuselier 2004;Chen et al 2014;Miyoshi et al 2008;Yuan et al 2010;Yahnin et al 2021;Tian et al 2022). Jordanova et al (2001) simulated the role of He-band EMIC waves in driving the ring current ions into the loss cone using the RAM-SCB model and calculating the generation of EMIC waves self-consistently with the evolving ring current distributions.…”

Section: Ion Precipitation As Another Important Energy Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Meso-Scale Electrodynamic Coupling of the Earth Magnetosphere-Ionosphere System

Cao

et al. 2022

Space Sci Rev

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Within the fully integrated magnetosphere-ionosphere system, many electrodynamic processes interact with each other. We review recent advances in understanding three major meso-scale coupling processes within the system: the transient field-aligned currents (FACs), mid-latitude plasma convection, and auroral particle precipitation. (1) Transient FACs arise due to disturbances from either dayside or nightside magnetosphere. As the interplanetary shocks suddenly compress the dayside magnetosphere, short-lived FACs are induced at high latitudes with their polarity successively changing. Magnetotail dynamics, such as substorm injections, can also disturb the current structures, leading to the formation of substorm current wedges and ring current disruption. (2) The mid-latitude plasma convection is closely associated with electric fields in the system. Recent studies have unraveled some important features and mechanisms of subauroral fast flows. (3) Charged particles, while drifting around the Earth, often experience precipitating loss down to the upper atmosphere, enhancing the auroral conductivity. Recent studies have been devoted to developing more self-consistent geospace circulation models by including a better representation of the auroral conductance. It is expected that including these new advances in geospace circulation models could promisingly strengthen their forecasting capability in space weather applications. The remaining challenges especially in the global modeling of the circulation system are also discussed.

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Section: Ion Precipitation As Another Important Energy Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Meso-Scale Electrodynamic Coupling of the Earth Magnetosphere-Ionosphere System

Cao

et al. 2022

Space Sci Rev

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“…Given such increased energy flux and mean energy of the precipitating electrons, we can expect the ionospheric conductance to be significantly enhanced. The elevated conductance could further change the electrodynamics in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system and subsequently influences the magnetospheric dynamics, as demonstrated in Zhu et al (2021) and Tian et al (2022).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

On the Importance of Using Event‐Specific Wave Diffusion Rates in Modeling Diffuse Electron Precipitation

Hosokawa²,

et al. 2022

JGR Space Physics

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A few to tens of keV electron precipitation that carries substantial energy source down to the upper atmosphere to create aurora is manifested as an important magnetosphere‐ionosphere coupling process. The precipitation is usually caused by scattering processes associated with plasma waves in the magnetosphere. The scattering process is often quantified by wave diffusion rates that indicate how fast an electron is scattered. Global models commonly use diffusion coefficients that are derived from statistical wave models. However, due to the statistical nature, many localized, transient features could be smeared out. In this study, we investigate electron precipitation using event‐specific diffusion coefficients that are obtained based on simultaneous in‐situ measured/inferred, rather than statistical, chorus wave dynamics. We find that the application of the event‐specific diffusion coefficients associated with a more dynamic and intense chorus wave model leads more electrons, particularly at several to tens of keV in the dawn‐to‐noon sector at L > 3, to precipitate than using statistical coefficients. The new simulation roughly captures both the intensity and variability of the precipitating flux as detected by the NOAA/POES satellites. Ionospheric electron density in the lower E region (100–120 km) observed by the mid‐latitude Millstone Hill radar is also much better reproduced, while the case using statistical diffusion coefficients underestimates the ionization rate. This study implies the importance of using event‐specific diffusion rates in simulating the diffuse electron precipitation and understanding the magnetosphere‐ionosphere coupling.

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“…EMIC wave is more important at middle latitude because it occurs mainly near the plasmapause. The pitch angle scattering of protons by EMIC waves is theoretically regarded as an important cause of proton precipitation into the atmosphere, but most of existing papers are event studies (Fuselier et al., 2004; Jordanova et al., 2007; Ozaki et al., 2021; Tian et al., 2022; Yuan et al., 2014). Our statistical results are consistent with these previous results of high‐energy proton deposition caused by magnetospheric EMIC waves but provide more significant results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, the ionospheric Ne oscillation at Swarm altitude might be relevant to the precipitating protons induced by EMIC waves. Recently, Tian et al (2022) investigated the proton precipitation caused by EMIC waves and its impact on the ionosphere with the self-consistent ring current-atmosphere interactions model coupled with an ionospheric particle transport model Global Airglow. They found that the EMIC wave diffusion process causes significant precipitation of tens of keV protons.…”

Section: Wave Effect On Nementioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Ionospheric Compressional Waves and Electron Density Oscillation During Storm Periods Using Swarm Observations

Wang

Lühr

2022

JGR Space Physics

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Using Swarm satellite observations, we aimed to examine compressional electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves and concurrent plasma density oscillations during storm periods (2014–2018). Compressional waves were accompanied by precipitated energetic proton fluxes, which can lead to increased electron density in the F‐layer. Approximately one‐third of compressional waves were accompanied by electron density (Ne) oscillations. The Ne oscillation occurred more frequently during stronger magnetic storms and with EMIC wave events of larger power density. The morning sector and South Atlantic Anomaly region revealed high occurrence rates of Ne oscillations. Its peak occurrence region showed a local time drift during the storm evolution. These variations with magnetic local time and storm phases are consistent with those of EMIC waves. Phases of the EMIC compressional waves and Ne oscillations exhibited a strong correlation. The phases of EMIC waves and Ne oscillations were linearly related, apart from a bias of ∼17.5° or 200.5°. The relative amplitude ratio of most Ne oscillations to the compressional EMIC wave showed a strong correlation with the local Alfven velocity. When the Alfven velocity increased, the relative amplitude ratio also increased, and there appeared a saturation of the relative amplitude ratio at large Alfven velocity.

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Effects of EMIC Wave‐Driven Proton Precipitation on the Ionosphere

Abstract: Particle precipitation from the plasma sheet is one important energy source for the ionosphere and plays an important role in modulating the dynamics of the ionospheric system and causing aurora (

Cited by 15 publications

References 66 publications

Meso-Scale Electrodynamic Coupling of the Earth Magnetosphere-Ionosphere System

Meso-Scale Electrodynamic Coupling of the Earth Magnetosphere-Ionosphere System

On the Importance of Using Event‐Specific Wave Diffusion Rates in Modeling Diffuse Electron Precipitation

Analysis of Ionospheric Compressional Waves and Electron Density Oscillation During Storm Periods Using Swarm Observations

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