Effects of EMS and SA on meiotic cells and thymoquinone content of<i>Nigella sativa</i>L. cultivars

Dixit, Vineeta; Prabha, Rajani; Chaudhary, B. R.

doi:10.1080/00087114.2013.823295

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Bhat et al [23] showed that chemical mutagens such as EMS produce higher mutation rates more than physical mutagens, and have higher efficiency and relatively greater specificity of mutation. EMS mutagenesis gives high point mutation densities by base substitution with a low level of chromosome breaks and thus less of aneuploidy, sterility and dominant lethality [24,25]. Akhtar et al [26] suggested that EMS could be more effective in inducing additional variability and different types of chromosomes abnormalities such as laggard, 3-nucleate conditions, unsynchronized movement at metaphase and bridges at anaphase and telophase this in line with current study.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Cytological Effects of Mutagenic Agents and NaCl on Mitotic Division in Two Iraqi Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes

Mohammed¹,

Ibrahim²

2017

JNUS

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This study was carried out to determine the effects of NaCl (0.00, 50, 100, 150, 180 or 200) mM and two different types of mutagens chemical mutagen ethyl methyl sulphonate (EMS) at 0.5% and physical mutagen UV-B irradiation (40 min time exposure), on mitotic division in two Iraqi rice genotypes Amber 33 (A33) and Amber Baghdad (AB). Different concentrations of NaCl were used. Mitotic index (MI %) was decreased significantly by increasing NaCl concentration, however the highest mitotic index was recorded in mutated genotypes with EMS and UV-B. Different abnormal chromosomes were noticed in mutated plants. Results showed high percentage of abnormal chromosomes in EMS mutated genotypes. In addition no significant differences between genotypes in mean of mitotic index with respect to all experiments.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Cytological Effects of Mutagenic Agents and NaCl on Mitotic Division in Two Iraqi Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes

Mohammed¹,

Ibrahim²

2017

JNUS

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“…Plant bioassays are important tests in the detection of genotoxic and toxic agents and contamination in the environment (Adamakis et al 2013;Dixit et al 2013;Frescura et al 2013). Allium cepa L. has been used to evaluate DNA damage, such as chromosome aberrations, micronuclei and disturbances in the mitotic cycle (Bakare et al 2012;Frescura et al 2012;Olorunfemi et al 2012;Achary et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic effects of chitosan-capped silver nanoparticles in theAllium cepatest

Pesnya

2013

Caryologia

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Silver nanoparticles are one of the most commonly used nanomaterials. However, there remains insufficient information on their genotoxic effects. The goal of this study was to investigate cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of chitosan-coated AgNPs using the well-established Allium test. Root tip cells were treated with solutions at different concentrations (1, 2.5, 5 and 50 mg l . The absence of induction of chromosomal and mitotic abnormalities by chitosan-capped AgNPs at low concentrations is possibly due to the capping, which may partly protect the cells from direct interaction with the AgNPs. Mitotic and chromosomal abnormalities and micronuclei were detected at a concentration of 50 mg l −1 . Significant increase in mitotic index was found at 5 and 50 mg l −1 concentrations of AgNP. The data demonstrated that chitosan-coated AgNP exhibit both clastogenic and aneugenic activity.

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“…However, another speculation about their occurrence is that their fundamental role is in the transfer of some genetic material from one cell to another, resulting in an increase in genetic diversity of the produced pollen or an adjusting and balancing in unbalanced genomes (Falistocco et al 1995;Zhou 2003;Ghaffari 2006;Lattoo et al 2006;Negron-Ortiz 2007;Singhal and Kumar 2008;Song and Li 2009;Singhal et al 2011). Cytomixis has been induced by various factors such as gamma rays (Saraswathy et al 1990), ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) and sodium azide (Dixit et al 2013), methyl methane sulphonate (MMS) (Bhat et al 2006), X-rays (Ghatnekar 1964), colchicine (Dwivedi et al 1988), changes in the biochemical process that involve microsporogenesis modifying the microenvironment of affected anthers (Koul 1990) and environmental stress and pollution (Haroun et al 2004). In the present study, gamma rays were found to be responsible for the induction of cytomixis and syncyte formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced syncyte formation via cytomixis in Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague (Apiaceae)

Dwivedi

Kumar

2018

Caryologia

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Cytomixis is a remarkable cytological event which has been presumed to be a prime facilitator of the origin of infraspecific polyploidy. The phenomenon of intercellular chromatin transmigration through cytomictic channels was reported during meiotic analysis of gamma rays induced population of Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague. Chromatin migration was observed at three administered doses (100, 200 and 300 Gy) of gamma rays in variety AA-1 of Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague. The gamma ray treated sets exhibited the characteristic of intercellular migration of nuclear material by two means such as cytomictic channels or via complete fusion of the proximate pollen mother cells (PMCs). The whole phenomenon was more frequently observed at meiosis I and rarely in meiosis II. The occurrence of cytomixis was directly correlated with the doses of gamma irradiation. The study also documents the relative frequencies of syncyte formation at different doses of gamma rays. Owing to cytomixis, at the later stages of meiosis the abnormal post meiotic products such as dyads, triads, polyads and heterosized pollen grains were produced. Furthermore, along with cytomixis, other chromosomal aberrations were also observed which affected the pollen fertility. Syncytes may have evolutionary significances as they can produce the gametes of higher ploidy level. Moreover, the unreduced gametes have the potential application to create novelty in the genetic system of plants which can be applied for crop improvement programs.

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Effects of EMS and SA on meiotic cells and thymoquinone content ofNigella sativaL. cultivars

Cited by 12 publications

References 25 publications

Cytological Effects of Mutagenic Agents and NaCl on Mitotic Division in Two Iraqi Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes

Cytological Effects of Mutagenic Agents and NaCl on Mitotic Division in Two Iraqi Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes

Cytogenetic effects of chitosan-capped silver nanoparticles in theAllium cepatest

Induced syncyte formation via cytomixis in Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague (Apiaceae)

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