Effects of enclosure size and complexity on the activity and sleep of the eastern chipmunk Tamias striatus

Estep, Daniel Q.; Fischer, Robert; Gore, William T.

doi:10.1016/s0091-6773(78)91910-7

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Like most sciurids (Roll et al 2006), chipmunks have been widely recognized as diurnal (Snyder 1982), based on consistent failure to find chipmunks above ground after dark in many field studies, including some using radio tracking (DeCoursey and Krulas 1998;DeCoursey et al 2000). Even in small laboratory cages lacking sleeping D r a f t chambers, chipmunks are primarily diurnal (Estep et al 1978a;1978b). Our study extends previous field observations by showing that diurnality is strong, even when potential activity within the burrow is taken into account.…”

Section: Diurnalitysupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Although we are not aware of any previous field studies that have estimated activity over the entire 24-h day in chipmunks or any other semi-fossorial mammal, there is some evidence related to activity in such species. Comparable to our levels of activity for 2008, Estep et al (1978a;1978b) observed activity levels of about 25% in eastern chipmunks measured by direct observations in small laboratory cages. A similar study of 14 muroid rodent species found only slightly higher levels (mean = 34%, range = 25 -42%, Baumgardner et al 1980).…”

Section: R a F Tsupporting

confidence: 71%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Activity of eastern chipmunks (Tamiasstriatus) during the summer and fall

LaZerte

Kramer

2016

Can. J. Zool.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Measuring activity of small mammals in the field is challenging because they are often out of view. We used a novel method, based on temperatures of collar radio transmitters, to quantify the proportion of time eastern chipmunks (Tamias striatus (L., 1758)) spent active, curled up resting, and torpid during the summer and fall of 2 years in southern Quebec. Time active over the 24 h day was lower in a nonmast (8%) than a mast (26%) year. In the mast year, activity varied strongly from a low of 7% during the summer lull to a high of 35% in the fall. Chipmunks that exploited a feeder had higher activity (33%) than chipmunks that did not (19%). Activity was higher during the day, but some activity occurred at night. Daily activity patterns varied strongly among seasonal periods. There was no evidence of torpor during the summer lull. Torpor started much earlier in the nonmast than in the mast year and occurred more at night than during the day. Overall, our study suggests that activity in this food-storing hibernator is positively influenced by food availability and indicates that thermosensitive radiotelemetry is a promising method for recording continuous activity.

show abstract

Section: Diurnalitysupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: R a F Tsupporting

confidence: 71%

Activity of eastern chipmunks (Tamiasstriatus) during the summer and fall

LaZerte

Kramer

2016

Can. J. Zool.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Increased locomotor activity level during the summer is associated with increased circadian sleep-wake consolidation, as assessed by the ratio of total sleep time in night vs. daytime in 12:12-h light-dark photoperiod in sciurid rodents. In Spermophilus tridecemlineatus, Eutamius dorsalis, and Tamias striatus, the ratio of nighttime sleep to daytime sleep ranged from 1.04 to 1.20 when animals were not provided with running wheels (17,55), whereas the sleep ratio was 2.83 when E. sibiricus were provided with running wheels (10). Thus increased locomotor activity level increases circadian sleep-wake consolidation in these diurnal rodents, as has been demonstrated in nocturnal rodents (20,59).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss of circadian organization of sleep and wakefulness during hibernation

Larkin

Franken

Heller

2002

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[851][852][853][854][855][856][857][858] 1997]. Animals maintained under constant conditions continued to display circadian rhythms in both sigma activity and brain temperature throughout euthermic intervals, whereas sleep and wakefulness showed no circadian organization. Instead, sleep and wakefulness were distributed according to a 6-h ultradian rhythm. SWA, NREM sleep bout length, and sigma activity responded homeostatically to the ultradian sleep-wake pattern. We suggest that the loss of sleep-wake consolidation in ground squirrels during the hibernation season may be related to the greatly decreased locomotor activity during the hibernation season and may be necessary for maintenance of multiday torpor bouts characteristic of hibernating species. slow-wave activity; sigma activity; circadian rhythms; circannual rhythms; Spermophilus lateralis THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY was to determine if there is a loss or a lessening of circadian control over sleep during the hibernation season in golden-mantled ground squirrels. The reason this question is posed is that torpor and hibernation appear to be evolutionary extensions of nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep (28,56). Torpid animals are predominantly in a NREM sleeplike state for many days at a time. In nonhibernators and in hibernators during the active season, sleep and wakefulness are organized into a daily cycle by the circadian system. It appears that the circadian system tends to consolidate wakefulness during a portion of the circadian cycle, thus creating a sleep need that is expressed when the circadian promotion of wakefulness is relaxed (2, 14). When an animal enters torpor, the inactive or rest phase of its daily cycle expands to the total exclusion of the active phase. Therefore, the circadian system may be suppressed or the wake-consolidating function of the circadian system may be inactivated to allow the multiday bouts of torpor that characterize hibernation.Cortical electroencephalographic (EEG) activity and other physiological variables such as body (T b ) and brain (T br ) temperatures reflect modulation by both sleep and circadian mechanisms, and therefore these variables were recorded in this study to investigate changes in sleep and circadian control associated with hibernation. Cortical EEG activity in the range of 10-15 Hz, called sigma activity, is the hallmark of NREM sleep spindles (44). Sigma activity is elevated in light NREM sleep during the active phase and is low in deep, consolidated sleep during the inactive or rest phase of the circadian cycle (50). Sigma activity is determined by both circadian and sleep homeostatic factors (9, 12).Cortical EEG activity in the range of 1-4 Hz, called delta activity or slow-wave activity (SWA), is the hallmark of the depth of NREM sleep. SWA is therefore the standard measure of sleep homeostasis because it is primarily determined by the duration of prior wakefulness (2) and is minimally influenced by the circadian system (9). Sleep deprivation results in elevated SWA during recovery sleep (11,19,...

show abstract

“…This is particularly true for predominately diurnal species, such as the degu, which may be more susceptible to the effects of environmental changes (DeCoursey, 1972;Estep et al, 1978).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of enclosure size on activity and sleep of a hystricomorph rodent (Octodon degus)

Fischer

Meunier

O’Donoghue

et al. 1980

Bull. Psychon. Soc.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Eight adult and eight infant degus were continuously observed over two 24-h sessions in order to determine the effects of large vs. small enclosure size on the stability of activity and sleep cycles. Behaviors were categorized into one of five mutually exclusive categories. Although the proportion of time spent engaging in sleep and other activities was not found to vary significantly, the circadian placement of activities by age and sex class was found to be altered as a function of enclosure size. These results are examined with reference to prevailing theories concerning the functions of sleep.

show abstract

Effects of enclosure size and complexity on the activity and sleep of the eastern chipmunk Tamias striatus

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Activity of eastern chipmunks (Tamiasstriatus) during the summer and fall

Activity of eastern chipmunks (Tamiasstriatus) during the summer and fall

Loss of circadian organization of sleep and wakefulness during hibernation

Effects of enclosure size on activity and sleep of a hystricomorph rodent (Octodon degus)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About