Effects of endurance training on resting and post-exercise cardiac autonomic control

Yamamoto, Keizô; Miyachi, Motohiko; Saitoh, Tohru; Yoshioka, Akira; Onodera, Satoshi

doi:10.1097/00005768-200109000-00012

Cited by 166 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The current results show an elevated HR during the first 45 min of recovery compared with pre-exercise rest values, which is consistent with previous data, [36][37][38] but in contrast to Perini et al 18 With regard to the spectral components of HRV, we observed that the relative LF component in the recovery period was not different from pre-exercise rest values, [37][38][39] whereas the HF component during the recovery period was slightly lower than control. 37,38 We have not assessed HRV during exercise, but in an earlier study 40 in which we measured HRV during submaximal exercise (up to 40% of maximal workload), we found a slight increase of the relative LF component from 34 to 41%, and a pronounced decrease in the relative HF component from 32 to 9%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The latter is in agreement with Yamamoto et al who reported further decreases in HR after the seventh day of training together with unchanged LF/HF ratio. 36 Adaptations of intrinsic cardiac rhythm could be a mechanism responsible for this. 46 Moreover, the extent to which measurements of HRV and HF reflect parasympathetic tonic activity has still not been clearly established.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of aerobic training intensity on resting, exercise and post-exercise blood pressure, heart rate and heart-rate variability

et al. 2009

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We aimed to investigate the effects of endurance training intensity (1) on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) at rest before exercise, and during and after a maximal exercise test; and (2) on measures of HR variability at rest before exercise and during recovery from the exercise test, in at least 55-year-old healthy sedentary men and women. A randomized crossover study comprising three 10-week periods was performed. In the first and third period, participants exercised at lower or higher intensity (33% or 66% of HR reserve) in random order, with a sedentary period in between. Training programmes were identical except for intensity, and were performed under supervision thrice for 1 h per week. The results show that in the three conditions, that is, at rest before exercise, during exercise and during recovery, we found endurance training at lower and higher intensity to reduce SBP significantly (Po0.05) and to a similar extent. Further, SBP during recovery was, on average, not lower than at rest before exercise, and chronic endurance training did not affect the response of SBP after an acute bout of exercise. The effect of training on HR at rest, during exercise and recovery was more pronounced (Po0.05) with higher intensity. Finally, endurance training had no significant effect on sympathovagal balance. In conclusion, in participants at higher age, both training programmes exert similar effects on SBP at rest, during exercise and during post-exercise recovery, whereas the effects on HR are more pronounced after higher intensity training.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of aerobic training intensity on resting, exercise and post-exercise blood pressure, heart rate and heart-rate variability

et al. 2009

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“…1,2,3 However, quantitative studies on the beneficial effects of endurance training on visceral nerves are scarce and these studies are referred especially to functional aspects of the nerves rather than the morphological or quantitative aspects. [4][5][6][7][8] Goldsmith et al 4 and Iellano et al 5 demonstrated that moderate endurance exercise increases the vagal tonus and diminishes the action of the sympathetic nerve, protecting the heart.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endurance training induces structural and morphoquantitative changes in rat vagus nerve

Pianca

Neto

Pithon‐Curi

et al. 2015

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Introduction: Many nervous system tissues and cells suffers positive changes when faced to exercise training. However, data on vagus nerve adaptation from exercise-induced study is absent. Objective: To analyze the effect of an endurance training on the vagus nerve morphology of rats. Methods: Wistar rats (6 months of age) were divided into two groups: control group (CG, n=8), and aerobic trained group (AT, n=8). AT was submitted to a treadmill training program of five times per week during 12 weeks. The maximum speed stipulated in the training protocol corresponded to 60% of the mean maximum intensity achieved by the group in the test of maximum effort. Results: Twelve weeks of treadmill training resulted in left ventricular hypertrophy in the AT group compared to CG. There was a significant increase in the area of both the myelinated and unmyelinated axons, and in the area of myelin sheath with training. The number of neurotubules and neurofilaments in myelinated fibers of aerobic trained group was significantly greater than CG (p≤0.05). Conclusion: Endurance training promoted significant increase in morphometric parameters of the vagus nerve in the same way it affect somatic nerves.

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“…For instance, in the study by Yamamoto et al 26 , training significantly decreased the resting HR and increased the indices related to the parasympathetic modulation, demonstrating hence that the ANS alterations partially contribute to the bradycardia. Likewise, the study by McLachlan et al 27 , which compared two groups, one with normal sinus rhythm and another with sinus bradycardia, presented HRV values for the individuals with bradycardia compared with the individuals with normal sinus rhythm. However, the authors state it is incorrect to suppose that the increase of parasympathetic activity is responsible for all the cases of sinus bradycardia, since the vagal activity reinforcement do not explain the bradycardia induced by training when control groups paired by age are compared.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e carga máxima atingida no teste de esforço físico dinâmico em homens idosos

Vieira

Felix

Quitério

2012

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Introduction: One of the benefits provided by regular physical activities seems to be the improvement of cardiac autonomic nervous system modulation. However, the role of physical activity as a determinant factor of the heart rate variability (HRV) is not well-established. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify whether there was a correlation between resting heart rate and maximum workload reached in an exercise test with HRV indices in elderly men. Methods: A study was carried out with 18 elderly men between the ages of 60 and 70 years. The following evaluations were made: a) Maximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer using Balke treadmill protocol to evaluate the aerobic capacity; b) Heart Rate (HR) and RR Intervals (RRi) registered for 15 minutes at rest, in the supine position. After collection, data were analyzed by time domain (RMSSD index) and by the frequency domain (low (LF) and high (HF) frequency indices and LF/HF ratio). Pearson correlation test was used to verify whether there was a correlation between the maximum workload reached during the exercise test and the HRV indices (p ≤ 0.05). Results: Demographic, physiological, and anthropometric characteristics and the maximum load achieved during exercise test: Age = 63 ± 3.0 years; BMI = 24 ± 2 kg/m2; HR = 63 ± 9 bpm; SBP = 123 ± 19 mmHg; DBP = 83 ± 8 mmHg; maximum workload = 152 ± 29 watts. No correlation was found between the HRV indices with the values of the resting heart rate and the maximum workload reached in the exercise test (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Temporal and spectral indices of heart rate variability are not indicators of aerobic capacity of elderly men evaluated on a cycle ergometer.

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Effects of endurance training on resting and post-exercise cardiac autonomic control

Abstract: The study demonstrates that with endurance-training changes in cardiac ANS modulation partly contribute to a decrease in HR at rest and during postexercise recovery period, and that adaptation of the cardiac autonomic control occurs sooner in immediate postexercise periods than at rest.

Cited by 166 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of aerobic training intensity on resting, exercise and post-exercise blood pressure, heart rate and heart-rate variability

Effects of aerobic training intensity on resting, exercise and post-exercise blood pressure, heart rate and heart-rate variability

Endurance training induces structural and morphoquantitative changes in rat vagus nerve

Variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e carga máxima atingida no teste de esforço físico dinâmico em homens idosos

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