Effects of Environmental Enrichments on the Behaviors of Four Captive Jaguars: Individuality Matters

Boccacino, Débora; Maia, Caroline Marques; Santos, Eliana Ferraz; Santori, Ricardo Tadeu

doi:10.4257/oeco.2018.2201.06

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…For both evaluated female jaguars, Inactivity was the most frequent behavior expressed during the evening/night period, a response also detected during the diurnal period for the same animals in another study (Boccacino et al, 2018). Such findings emphasize that despite the small sample size evaluated here, the high frequency of inactive behavior frequently expressed by jaguars in zoos might represent an abnormal behavior.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Such findings emphasize that despite the small sample size evaluated here, the high frequency of inactive behavior frequently expressed by jaguars in zoos might represent an abnormal behavior. In fact, it should be regarded as a negative behavior, at least for the studied jaguars, following the considerations of other authors (Godinez et al, 2013;Boccacino et al, 2018). Furthermore, the two evaluated jaguars expressed different behavioral responses during the evening/night period, depending on the food availability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…First, the specimens were freely observed in the outdoor enclosure for over 20 hours, during the diurnal period, in order to train the researchers in observing the jaguars and to organize an ethogram (Table 1). This term has previously proved to be sufficient for these purposes (Boccacino et al, 2018). After that, the two female jaguars were filmed only during the evening/night period, when they were in the indoor enclosures.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, all records of their nocturnal behaviors were conducted in this area. Detailed information about the specimens used in this study, their enclosures, and their breeding in captivity is available in a previously published study (Boccacino et al, 2018).…”

Section: Specimens and Enclosuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, these animals may naturally express more inactivity during the daytime hours. Considering that most studies evaluating the behavioral expression of jaguars in zoos were usually conducted during daytime (Godinez et al, 2013;Boccacino et al, 2018), it is not clear whether the high inactivity usually expressed is an abnormal behavioral expression due to the restricted conditions of captivity or is just a more common behavior during the daytime hours.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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INACTIVITY AT NIGHT: A CASE STUDY OF THE NOCTURNAL BEHAVIORS OF TWO CAPTIVE Panthera onca (FELIDAE) SPECIMENS

Boccacino

Maia²,

Santos

et al. 2020

Acta biol. Colomb.

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Inactivity is a common daytime behavior expressed by wild cats in zoos. It is not clear whether this inactivity is due to the constraints of the captive environment or is a result of a more natural behavior by these animals. Therefore, this work evaluated the behavior of two Panthera oncacaptive specimens, including their inactivity, during the evening/night period. The jaguars were filmed individually in different days, starting at 5:30 pm and finishing between 7:00 pm and 1:30 am, including non-feeding and feeding days. Regardless of whether they were fed or not, both jaguars expressed a significant rate of inactivity. In addition, when fed, one of the jaguars increased its movements and active behaviors, although its inactivity remained high, while the other jaguar further reduced the expression of such behaviors. Therefore, this work concludes that these jaguars were just as inactive during the evening/night period as they were during daytime. Excessive inactivity might be regarded as a negative behavior; with its highest expression being an effect of the captive environment, which might compromise the welfare of the assessed jaguars and possibly of other wild cats. In addition, since the behavioral expression varied between the studied jaguars, depending on the feeding or non-feeding status, we recommend that futures studies should taking into account the individual variations, especially when there are differences in age, health, and management conditions between the specimens.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Specimens and Enclosuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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INACTIVITY AT NIGHT: A CASE STUDY OF THE NOCTURNAL BEHAVIORS OF TWO CAPTIVE Panthera onca (FELIDAE) SPECIMENS

Boccacino

Maia²,

Santos

et al. 2020

Acta biol. Colomb.

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Personality matters: exploring the relationship between personality and stress physiology in captive African lions

Vaz¹,

Bartley²,

Hunt³

2022

BMC Zool

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Background Considering animals as individuals and not as species is becoming increasingly essential to animal welfare management in captive settings. Recent studies on big cat personalities and coping strategies suggest personality can help big cats cope in their surroundings. Yet a large portion of the published literature focuses on understanding either the personality or stress physiology of big cats. Our research shows how integrating an improved understanding of the personality of big cats with stress physiology may enhance welfare, especially for endangered species like African lions. By using a wild cat personality checklist, this study compared the key personality dimensions of 22 African lions with its faecal glucocorticoids and assessed factors influencing their personality and stress physiology. Results We found two reliable personality dimensions for African lions (dominance and agreeableness) and identified key factors (sex, age and location) that may influence their personality. Further, on testing if these factors influenced the stress physiology through variations in glucocorticoid levels, there was no significant difference. However, there was a strong negative association between agreeableness and glucocorticoid levels. These results suggest that the behavioural traits loading positively and higher for agreeableness are associated with lower glucocorticoid stress levels, which may assist a lion to cope with stressors in its surroundings. Conclusions Our findings highlight this integrated approach of linking personality and stress physiology of big cats can be beneficial for caretakers. For example, during stressful veterinary procedures or in reintroduction programs, recognizing the personality of lions can help in designing or providing them with resources that will alleviate stress. Thus, there is a need for more interdisciplinary approaches that will contribute towards enhancing the individual and overall welfare of big cats.

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Toetsingskader domesticatie : dertig zoogdiersoorten beoordeeld

Hopster

Lammertsma

Neijenhuis

2022

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Samenvatting NLEen eenduidig onderscheid tussen wilde en gedomesticeerde zoogdiersoorten is voor de wetgever van groot belang om het gebruik van dieren in circussen en bij andere optredens al dan niet toe te staan. De mate van domesticatie bepaalt voor een belangrijk deel in hoeverre een dier in aanleg is opgewassen tegen een leven in gevangenschap in de nabijheid van de mens. De beperkingen in de circuspraktijk doen dan ook meer afbreuk aan het welzijn en de integriteit of eigenheid van niet-gedomesticeerde dieren in vergelijking met gedomesticeerde dieren. In dit rapport is beschreven hoe een wetenschappelijk gefundeerd, praktisch toetsingskader, geschikt om gedomesticeerde van wilde dierpopulaties te onderscheiden, eruit kan zien. Hierbij worden alleen diersoorten die in hoge mate als gedomesticeerd zijn te beschouwen, bestempeld als gedomesticeerd. Gedomesticeerde zoogdiersoorten komen in aanmerking voor aanwijzing in bijlage IV van het Besluit houders van dieren. Dat betekent dat het gebruik van exemplaren van deze soorten in circussen en andere optredens buiten het verbod vallen. Vanwege een verzoek aan de minister van LNV om een dertigtal zoogdiersoorten op bijlage IV bij het Besluit houders van dieren te plaatsen, is aan de hand van dit toetsingskader beoordeeld of genoemde diersoorten al dan niet als in hoge mate gedomesticeerd kunnen worden beschouwd. Van alle dertig beoordeelde soorten zijn er alleen van het edelhert (Cervus elaphus) en het damhert (Dama dama) populaties beschreven die een bepaalde mate van domesticatie hebben ondergaan. In het algemeen is er echter bij geen van de beoordeelde soorten sprake van populaties die in hoge mate zijn gedomesticeerd. Summary UKAn unambiguous distinction between wild and domestic mammal species is of great importance to the legislator in deciding whether or not to allow the use of animals in circuses and other performances. The degree of domestication largely determines to what extent an animal is predisposed to living in captivity in the vicinity of humans. The restrictions in circus practice therefore detract more from the welfare and nature of non-domesticated animals compared to domesticated animals. This report describes what a scientifically based, practical assessment framework, suitable for distinguishing domesticated from wild animal populations, could look like. In this respect, only animal species that can be regarded as highly domesticated are labelled as domesticated. Domestic mammal species are eligible for designation in Appendix IV of the Animal Keepers Decree. This means that the use of specimens of these species in circuses and other performances is outside the ban. Due to a request to the Minister of LNV to place some thirty mammal species on Appendix IV to the Animal Keepers Decree, it was assessed on the basis of this assessment framework whether or not the aforementioned animal species can be regarded as highly domesticated. Of all thirty assessed species, only red deer (Cervus elaphus) and fallow deer (Dama dama) populations have been de...

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Effects of Environmental Enrichments on the Behaviors of Four Captive Jaguars: Individuality Matters

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

INACTIVITY AT NIGHT: A CASE STUDY OF THE NOCTURNAL BEHAVIORS OF TWO CAPTIVE Panthera onca (FELIDAE) SPECIMENS

INACTIVITY AT NIGHT: A CASE STUDY OF THE NOCTURNAL BEHAVIORS OF TWO CAPTIVE Panthera onca (FELIDAE) SPECIMENS

Personality matters: exploring the relationship between personality and stress physiology in captive African lions

Toetsingskader domesticatie : dertig zoogdiersoorten beoordeeld

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