Effects of Environmental Factors on Larval Settlement of the Barnacle <i>Balanus amphitrite</i> Reared in the Laboratory

Abstract

The effects of environmental factors such as light illumination , black and white substrates, salinity, temperature and hydrostatic pressure on larval settlement of the reared barnacle Balanus amphitrite were examined. Settlement was found to be sensitive to the light intensity and color of substrates, and was observed over a wide range of salinity. temnerature and hydrostatic pressnre.

Being young in a changing world: how temperature and salinity changes interactively modify the performance of larval stages of the barnacle Amphibalanus improvisus

“…Intertidal barnacles as conspicuous, widely distributed, and ecologically important species have served to study the eVects of environmental factors, e.g., temperature, salinity, food type and concentration, light (e.g., Crisp and Ritz 1973;Harms 1984;Holm 1990;Konya and Miki 1994;Anil et al 1995Anil et al , 2001Anil and Kurian 1996;Qian 1997, 1999;Hentschel and Emlet 2000;Thiyagarajan et al 2002a;Nasrolahi et al 2007), and more recently global warming and ocean acidiWcation (Findlay et al 2008;Hung et al 2008;Findlay et al 2009;McDonald et al 2009;Wong et al, in press) on larval development and settlement success. Much of this progress on what is frequently considered the most sensitive life history phase is facilitated because barnacle larvae can be easily reared under controlled conditions (Thiyagarajan et al 2000).…”

Temperature Affects Adhesion of the Acorn Barnacle (Balanus amphitrite)

“…Cyprid locomotion, exploration and settlement has been well documented (Knight-Jones 1953;Crisp 1983;Yule and Crisp 1983;Crisp 1985;Crisp 1990;Mullineaux and Butman 1991;Glenner and Hoeg 1993;Konya and Miki 1994;Miron et al 2000;Dahlstrom et al 2004) use their antennae to "walk" along a substrate until a suitable location is found to settle. Faimali et al (2004) found that barnacle cyprids may perceive signals about the substratum surface or its biofilm, which plays a role in their settlement preference.…”

“…Results from this study underline the importance of testing coatings within conditions they will be facing when commercially utilized. (Prosser et al 1991;Callow et al 2007) 2.4.2 Genetic relationship and CRS Past and current research has shown how differing environmental factors such as flow force and temperature, give rise to phenotypic plasticity in barnacles (Konya and Miki 1994;Anil et al 2001;Marchinko 2003;Li and Denny 2004). The degree to which phenotypic or functional variation is expressed within a population is ultimately dependant on the genetic connectivity of the organisms.…”

“…Water temperature is particularly important, with observed effects on barnacle larval recruitment and development (Konya and Miki 1994;Anil et al 1995;Anil et al 2001;Pineda and Lopez 2002;Thiyagarajan et al 2003;Desai et al 2006), and survival, settlement and molting frequency (Qiu and Qian 1999;Desai and Anil 2004;Pineda et al 2005). …”

“…Barnacle adhesion has been well documented (Bourget 1980;Crisp and Bourget 1985;Holm 1990;Konya and Miki 1994;Holm et al 2000;Swain et al 2000;Callow and Callow 2002;Dahlstrom et al 2004;Holm et al 2004b;Holm et al 2005; Kavanagh et al 2005;Wendt et al 2006;Wiegemann et al 2006;Conlan et al 2008;Ramsay et al 2008) making them an excellent model organism for our current study.…”