Effects of estrogen inhibition formula herbal mixture for danazol-induced precocious puberty in female rats: An experimental study with network pharmacology

Trinh, Tuy An; Lee, Won-Yung; Baek, Ji Yun; Lee, Seungyong; Choi, Kyuhee; Ha, Jae‐Won; Kim, Chang-Eop; Kang, Ki Sung; Lee, Hye Lim

doi:10.1016/j.imr.2020.100708

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Our data showed that LH, FSH and E 2 were increased following leptin treatment as compared to the controls, which is consistent with the symptoms of PP, and the increases observed in other PP models (Park et al, 2021). However, after TAIII treatment, the levels of LH, FSH and E 2 in leptin-treated mice were decreased significantly, suggesting that TAIII is able to modulate the synthesis and/or secretion of these hormones, although the exact mechanisms of this modulation remain unclear.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Recent study shows that leptin communicates metabolic information with the brain neurons that control reproduction using GABAergic circuitry, resulting in releasing of GnRH from hypothalamic neurons (Burcelin et al, 2003) and puberty onset (Egan et al, 2017). In rats, the model of PP is established using da- nazol, a drug that can rapidly activate the HPGA leading to increased expression of KISS1 and GRP45 and onset of PP (Park et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Timosaponin AIII attenuates precocious puberty in mice through downregulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis

Zhou

Ren

et al. 2023

Acta Biochim Pol

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Precocious puberty (PP) has increasingly become a social concern. This study aimed to investigate the effect of timosaponin AIII (TAIII) on the precocious puberty and its possible mechanisms in mice. Four groups of mice consisting of controls that received saline or TAIII, a model that received leptin to induce precocious puberty (PP), and leptin+TAIII (the leptin model treated with TAIII) were used to determine the effect of TAIII on PP. Pathological and cytological examinations were conducted to investigate the signs and onset of PP and the development of reproductive organs. The level of serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol (E2) were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of genes related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPGA) was assessed using qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined using high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography. In mice treated with leptin, earlier vaginal opening and estrus were observed, as well as the increased ovarian and uterine weight, total uterine cross-sectional size, number of corpora lutea, and elevated serum sex hormone levels and HPGA expression. On the other hand, TAIII treatment delayed the vaginal opening and vaginal estrus to 32.1 and 37.5 days after birth, and delayed the development of reproductive organs, leading to significantly smaller uterus and ovary size, less corpora lutea and low BMD (P<0.05). In addition, the serum levels of LH, FSH and E2 were significantly reduced (P<0.05) and so was the expression of HPGA and leptin genes (P<0.05). Our experimental data demonstrated that TAIII has activity against leptin-induced PP activity and may attenuate PP by reducing reproductive hormones and deactivating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis through downregulating leptin expression.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timosaponin AIII attenuates precocious puberty in mice through downregulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis

Zhou

Ren

et al. 2023

Acta Biochim Pol

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“…Through this process, it was possible to confirm the need for a large-scale correlation study on various factors that can influence precocious puberty. In addition, Korea is a country where Western medical treatment for precocious puberty utilizing GnRH agonist and oriental medical treatment ( 32 ) utilizing herbal medicine to regulate hormones coexist. The majority of non-insured patients receiving oriental medical treatment are omitted from this study’s statistics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An increasing tendency of precocious puberty among Korean children from the perspective of COVID-19 pandemic effect

Choi

2022

Front. Pediatr.

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IntroductionThis study was conducted to investigate changes and new trends over the past 6 years by analyzing the current status of precocious puberty (PP) treatment and treatment costs in Korea between 2016 and 2021.Materials and methodsAnnual and monthly number of patients diagnosed with PP from 2016 to 2021 were reviewed using the data from Healthcare Bigdata Hub. Annual medical insurance expenses for the treatment of PP were also reviewed. The data were compared by the gender of the patients.ResultsThe number of patients diagnosed with PP rose from 86,352 in 2016 to 166,645 in 2021, while medical expenses rose from KRW 64,111,689,000 in 2016 to KRW 134,642,100,000 in 2021. The percentage of male PP patients increased from 9.21% in 2016 to 19.55% in 2021.ConclusionIncreasing numbers of Korean patients diagnosed with PP. Consistent with the situation in other countries, the rapid increase in the number of cases since April 2020 appears to be a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In Korea, this is considered a nationwide phenomenon. Also on the rise is the incidence of PP in males, which appears to be due to an increased awareness of the phenomenon. Further investigations are required to determine the possible causes in increasing prevalence of PP.

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“…Precocious puberty refers to the onset of puberty characteristics (secondary sexual characteristics) before the age of 8 in girls and 10 in boys, including pseudoprecocious puberty, true precocious puberty, and incomplete precocious puberty (1). Idiopathic precocious puberty is more common in true precocious puberty, accounting for more than 80% of precocious puberty cases in girls, and mostly occurs at the age of 4-8 years (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the efficacy of Dabuyin pill combined with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue in the treatment of central precocious puberty girls based on network pharmacology

Chen¹,

Zheng²,

Fei³

et al. 2023

Transl Pediatr

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Background: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) believes that central precocious puberty (CPP) is affected by the imbalance of kidney Yin and Yang. Dabuyin pill is a recipe for nourishing Yin and lowering fire. The network pharmacology method was used to analyze the active components, action targets, and molecular pathways of Dabuyin pill in the treatment of CPP. Methods: The main chemical components of Dabuyin pill were obtained from the Integrative database of Traditional Chinese Medicine enhanced by Symptom Mapping (SymMap) database and Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP), and compound targets were retrieved from SymMap and the Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ETCM). Disease targets were retrieved from the DisGeNET and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, and the intersection of compound targets and disease targets was performed to obtain the prediction targets of Dabuyin pill acting on CPP. The key targets enriched by Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) were then used for Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis.Results: GO analysis showed that the biological functions of Dabuyin pill in the treatment of key targets of CPP mainly involved apoptosis, nitric oxide synthesis, estradiol response, angiogenesis, inflammation, and so on. KEGG pathway analysis was mainly enriched in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway, and apoptosis. Among them, the regulation effect of Dabuyin pill prescription on apoptosis may both act on TP53 and different signaling pathways of apoptosis, thus playing a synergistic role.Conclusions: Dabuyin pill combined with GnRHa for the prevention and treatment of CPP in girls can effectively intervene CPP, and the effect of Dabuyin pill on sex hormones is one of its protective mechanisms against CPP.

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Effects of estrogen inhibition formula herbal mixture for danazol-induced precocious puberty in female rats: An experimental study with network pharmacology

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Timosaponin AIII attenuates precocious puberty in mice through downregulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis

Timosaponin AIII attenuates precocious puberty in mice through downregulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis

An increasing tendency of precocious puberty among Korean children from the perspective of COVID-19 pandemic effect

Analysis of the efficacy of Dabuyin pill combined with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue in the treatment of central precocious puberty girls based on network pharmacology

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