Effects of ethanol extraction and heat treatment of soybean flakes on function and morphology of pig intestine.

Hancock, Joe D.; Peo, E. R.; Lewis, A. J.; Moxley, Rodney A.

doi:10.2527/1990.68103244x

Cited by 32 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…When animals have a higher cell renewal of the intestinal mucosa they have a greater crypt depth due to hyperplasia, as a result of the high mitotic activity (HANCOCK et al, 1990). Thus, the results obtained for crypt depth suggest there was an increased cell renewal stimulated by the diet containing increasing levels of sunflower cake, independent of the use of the EC.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 48%

Performance and Carcass Yield of Broilers Fed Increasing Levels of Sunflower Cake

et al. 2017

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-This study aimed to evaluate the performance, carcass yield and intestinal morphometry of 1-to 21-day-old broiler chickens fed a diet containing increasing levels of sunflower cake, supplemented with or without an enzyme complex (EC). We used 1200 Cobb 500 birds, which were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2x5 factorial scheme and five levels of sunflower cake inclusion (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) in diets supplemented or not with EC. Each treatment consisted of 5 replicates. Animals were fed the experimental diets from 1 to 21 days of age and from 22 to 42 days all birds received the same feed based on corn and soybean meal. There was no interaction between the level of sunflower cake inclusion and presence of EC. From 1 to 21 days of age, the weight gain, final weight, and feed intake linearly decreased (P<0.05) with increasing sunflower cake inclusion level. At 42 days old, after animals consumed diets based on corn and soybean meal (from 22 to 42 days), the levels provided least 21 days did not influence the performance results. Animals receiving the EC in the first phase showed better results at the end of the experiment (P<0.05). Up to 21 days old, carcass yield decreased, and abdominal fat increased with the sunflower cake inclusion. The addition of EC in the diet improved the thigh, breast and carcass yield. Intestinal morphology after 21 days revealed that the three segments of the intestine had at least one type of change, such as a decrease in villus height and increase in crypt depth, with increased level of sunflower cake in the diet, affecting performance.Keywords: Alternative food. Poultry. Co-Products. Nutrition. Palavras-chaves: Alimento alternativo. Avicultura. Co-produtos. Nutrição. DESEMPENHO E RENDIMENTO DE CARCAÇA DE FRANGOS ALIMENTADOS COM NÍVEIS

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 48%

Performance and Carcass Yield of Broilers Fed Increasing Levels of Sunflower Cake

et al. 2017

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“…Hancock (1990) and Li et al (1991) concluded that there is a positive correlation between VH in the small intestine and the growth rate of piglets.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Hancock (1990), CD is an indicator of the degree of epithelial cell hyperplasia, which is related to antigenicity of the diet, among other factors. A lower CD indicates less aggression of the diet to the morphology of the intestinal wall (Li et al, 1991).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of plasma and/or yeast extract on performance and intestinal morphology of piglets from 7 to 63 days of age

Rigueira¹,

Thomaz

Rigueira

et al. 2013

R. Bras. Zootec.

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-The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of diets supplemented with plasma and/or yeast extract on performance (daily weight gain [DWG], daily feed intake [DFI] and feed conversion [FC]) and intestinal morphology of piglets from 7 to 63 days of age. A total of 288 piglets aged 7 days and weighing 2.57±0.05 kg were studied. A randomized block design consisting of four experimental diets, six repetitions and 12 piglets per experimental unit was adopted. The prestarter I (7 to 21 days), pre-starter II (22 to 35 days) and starter I (36 to 49 days) diets were supplemented as follows: control diet (CD): no plasma or yeast extract; plasma (PL) diet: addition of 6%, 4% and 2% plasma; yeast extract (YE) diet: addition of 6%, 4% and 2% yeast extract; plasma + yeast extract (PL+YE) diet: addition of 3%, 2% and 1% plasma and yeast extract each. From 50 to 63 days of age all piglets received the same diet. No difference in performance was observed from 7 to 21 days and from 7 to 28 days of age, whereas DWG was higher from 7 to 35 days in piglets receiving the PL+YE diet (268, 278, 271 and 288 g/day for CD, PL, YE and PL+YE, respectively). From 7 to 49 days and from 7 to 63 days, DWG (330 and 519 g/day, respectively) and DFI (307 and 647 g/day) were higher in animals receiving the PL-YE diet when compared with those consuming CD (DWG: 295 and 486 g/day; DFI: 266 and 594 g/day). No significant differences in intestinal morphology were observed between piglets receiving the different diets. The combination of plasma and yeast extract elevates DWG, but does not affect the intestinal morphology of piglets from 7 to 63 days of age.

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“…Hancock et al (1990) observed the highest villus height in piglets after feeding ethanol-extracted and heat-treated soybean meal. They concluded that a better piglet growth rate was associated with higher villus height.…”

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confidence: 99%

Soybean: feed quality and safety. Part 2: Pathology of soybean feeding in animals. A review

Csáky

Fekete

2004

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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Various animal models in farm and laboratory animals indicate the possible pathological effect of soybean feeding. Immunity and tolerance to oral soybean intake and a generalised meta-model of effects are discussed. It seems that FAO/WHO recommendations will have to be considered in assessing the biological value of soybean feed sources. Determination of hull content, antigenic potential, conglycinin and trypsin inhibitor content is warranted in view of the future component pricing of soybean meals.Key words: Soybean, villus height, antibody to soybean antigens, feed antigens, immune tolerance to feed, soybean pathology model, soybean allergy, component pricingIntestinal pathology in soybean fed animals McGuinnes et al. (1987) observed that rats fed on raw soybean meal developed enlarged pancreas and hyperplastic nodules which turned to adenomas and carcinoma. The effect was attributed to trypsin inhibitor effect, due to increased cholecystokinin plasma levels. According to Grant et al. (1987) the effect of pure soybean trypsin inhibitor on pancreas hypertrophy was less pronounced when it was fed in the form of soybean meal.Mice fed on raw soybeans survive only for weeks (Gee and Morgan, 1993). Feeding raw soybeans increases duodenal mucosa and smooth muscle layer thickness, but heat treatment significantly reduces this effect. Small intestinal weight is significantly increased in mice fed raw soybean meal (2.242 g vs. 1.410 g). A similar difference was observed in pancreas weight (0.547 g vs. 0.251 g). A similar effect was noted upon the administration of camostate (synthetic trypsin inhibitor), suggesting the role of trypsin inhibitors in the pancreas effect. However, small intestinal weight and structure are not influenced by camostate (unlike raw soybean meal), which suggests disparate effects on small intestine and pancreas. Pusztai et

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Effects of ethanol extraction and heat treatment of soybean flakes on function and morphology of pig intestine.

Cited by 32 publications

References 17 publications

Performance and Carcass Yield of Broilers Fed Increasing Levels of Sunflower Cake

Performance and Carcass Yield of Broilers Fed Increasing Levels of Sunflower Cake

Effect of plasma and/or yeast extract on performance and intestinal morphology of piglets from 7 to 63 days of age

Soybean: feed quality and safety. Part 2: Pathology of soybean feeding in animals. A review

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