Effects of Excitation Density on Scintillation Dynamics of CdWO4

Abstract

The scintillation temporal profiles of CdWO 4 at different linear energy transfers (LETs) were analyzed in this study. The profiles were obtained using pulsed ion beams with different LETs in CdWO 4 . In the temporal profiles, faster rise and decay were observed at higher LETs. The faster rise at higher LETs is attributed to the competition between the quenching due to excited-state interactions and the energy transfer from the host to the emission sites, i.e., the WO 6 6− complex.The faster decay is explained in terms of the competition between quenching due to excited-state interactions and radiative decay at the emission sites. These results, along with similar findings obtained for another self-activated scintillator, Bi 4 Ge 3 O 12 , clearly indicate that self-activated scintillators exhibit scintillation temporal profiles that are significantly dependent on LET.

Annealing Temperature Dependence of Scintillation Properties of Ga-doped ZnO Translucent Ceramics

“…Various types of scintillators and dosimetric materials have been developed and are still being intensively studied. These materials include sintered ceramics, (8,9) glasses, (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) single crystals, (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37) and organic materials (38) .…”

Fundamental aspects, recent progress and future prospects of inorganic scintillators

“…The beginning of the research and development of scintillators started with the use of natural fluorescent minerals such as CaF 2 (fluorite), 16) and CaWO 4 (scheelite) 17) crystals, and artificial Tl-doped alkali halide crystals such as Tl-doped NaI 18) and CsI. 19 ) Analogically with CaWO 4 , similar materials such as ZnWO 4 , 20) CdWO 4, 21) and PbWO 4 22) single crystals were developed later, and among them, CdWO 4 has been widely used for security applications. After these natural minerals or simple alkali halide materials, Bi 4 Ge 3 O 12 (BGO) single crystal was developed during the 1970s and 80s, [23][24][25] and up to now, BGO has been the highest effective atomic number (Z eff ) commercial material.…”