Effects of exercise and roughage source on the health and performance of receiving beef calves

Woolsoncroft, Mariah; Youngers, M. E.; McPhillips, Levi J; Lockard, Catherine L; Haviland, C L; DeSocio, Elizabeth; Ryan, WJ; Richards, Chris; Wilson, Blake K

doi:10.15232/pas.2017-01673

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Feed samples and the dry matter intake were continually collected for 3 days every week throughout the trial. The feeding trial lasted for 90 days, and the fecal scores were evaluated for continuously 7 days (84-90 days) using a 5-grade fecal scores evaluation system that adapted from Woolsoncroft et al [24] and Ireland-Perry and Stallings [25] (Fig. S2).…”

Section: Animal Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-omics reveal mechanisms of high enteral starch diet mediated colonic dysbiosis via microbiome-host interactions in young ruminant

Jin,

Wu,

Liang

et al. 2024

Microbiome

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Background Although rumen development is crucial, hindgut undertakes a significant role in young ruminants’ physiological development. High-starch diet is usually used to accelerate rumen development for young ruminants, but always leading to the enteral starch overload and hindgut dysbiosis. However, the mechanism behind remains unclear. The combination of colonic transcriptome, colonic luminal metabolome, and metagenome together with histological analysis was conducted using a goat model, with the aim to identify the potential molecular mechanisms behind the disrupted hindgut homeostasis by overload starch in young ruminants. Result Compared with low enteral starch diet (LES), high enteral starch diet (HES)-fed goats had significantly higher colonic pathology scores, and serum diamine oxidase activity, and meanwhile significantly decreased colonic mucosal Mucin-2 (MUC2) protein expression and fecal scores, evidencing the HES-triggered colonic systemic inflammation. The bacterial taxa Prevotella sp. P4-67, Prevotella sp. PINT, and Bacteroides sp. CAG:927, together with fungal taxa Fusarium vanettenii, Neocallimastix californiae, Fusarium sp. AF-8, Hypoxylon sp. EC38, and Fusarium pseudograminearum, and the involved microbial immune pathways including the “T cell receptor signaling pathway” were higher in the colon of HES goats. The integrated metagenome and host transcriptome analysis revealed that these taxa were associated with enhanced pathogenic ability, antigen processing and presentation, and stimulated T helper 2 cell (TH2)-mediated cytokine secretion functions in the colon of HES goats. Further luminal metabolomics analysis showed increased relative content of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA), and decreased the relative content of hypoxanthine in colonic digesta of HES goats. These altered metabolites contributed to enhancing the expression of TH2-mediated inflammatory-related cytokine secretion including GATA Binding Protein 3 (GATA3), IL-5, and IL-13. Using the linear mixed effect model, the variation of MUC2 biosynthesis explained by the colonic bacteria, bacterial functions, fungi, fungal functions, and metabolites were 21.92, 20.76, 19.43, 12.08, and 44.22%, respectively. The variation of pathology scores explained by the colonic bacterial functions, fungal functions, and metabolites were 15.35, 17.61, and 57.06%. Conclusions Our findings revealed that enteral starch overload can trigger interrupted hindgut host-microbiome homeostasis that led to impaired mucosal, destroyed colonic water absorption, and TH2-mediated inflammatory process. Except for the colonic metabolites mostly contribute to the impaired mucosa, the nonnegligible contribution from fungi deserves more future studies focused on the fungal functions in hindgut dysbiosis of young ruminants.

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Section: Animal Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-omics reveal mechanisms of high enteral starch diet mediated colonic dysbiosis via microbiome-host interactions in young ruminant

Jin,

Wu,

Liang

et al. 2024

Microbiome

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“…Byproduct sources of fiber besides corn byproducts have received limited attention. Woolsoncroft et al (2018) compared two receiving diets that contained 30% roughage: one diet was a blend of soybean hulls (15% of dietary DM) and cottonseed hulls (15% of dietary DM), and the second diet consisted of only prairie hay at 30% of the dietary DM. Feeding prairie hay increased 56-d DMI compared with the hull combinations, but no differences in ADG or BW were noted, which led to an increase in gain efficiency for the hull-based receiving diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exercise decreased gains during the receiving period without improving animal health or altering animal behavior. Likewise, Woolsoncroft et al (2018) reported that exercise had minimal effects on calf health but suggested that exercise could potentially improve feed efficiency in newly received beef calves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galyean Appreciation Club Review: revisiting nutrition and health of newly received cattle—what have we learned in the last 15 years?

Galyean

Duff

Rivera

2022

Journal of Animal Science

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Our objective was to review the literature related to the health and management of newly received cattle published since a previous review by Duff and Galyean (2007). Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) continues to be a major challenge for the beef industry. Depending on disease severity, animals treated for BRD have decreased performance and lowered carcass value. Diagnosis of BRD is less effective than desired, and progress on developing real-time, chute-side methods to diagnose BRD has been limited. Systems that combine lung auscultation with temperature and BW data show promise. Assessment of blood metabolites and behavior monitoring offer potential for early identification of morbid animals. Vaccination and metaphylaxis continue to be important tools for prevention and control of BRD, but antimicrobial resistance is a concern with antibiotic use. Dietary energy concentration and roughage source/level continue to be important topics. Mineral supplementation has received considerable attention, particularly the use of organic vs. inorganic sources and injectable minerals or drenches given on arrival. Use of probiotics and prebiotics for newly received cattle has shown variable results, but further research is warranted. Health and nutrition of newly received cattle will continue to be an important research area in the years to come.

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Effects of feeding corn bran and soybean hulls on nutrient digestibility, rumen microbial protein synthesis, and growth performance of finishing lambs

Hao

Zhang

et al. 2021

Animal

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Effects of exercise and roughage source on the health and performance of receiving beef calves

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Multi-omics reveal mechanisms of high enteral starch diet mediated colonic dysbiosis via microbiome-host interactions in young ruminant

Multi-omics reveal mechanisms of high enteral starch diet mediated colonic dysbiosis via microbiome-host interactions in young ruminant

Galyean Appreciation Club Review: revisiting nutrition and health of newly received cattle—what have we learned in the last 15 years?

Effects of feeding corn bran and soybean hulls on nutrient digestibility, rumen microbial protein synthesis, and growth performance of finishing lambs

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