Effects of exercise on cardiovascular performance in the elderly

Vigorito, Carlo; Giallauria, Francesco

doi:10.3389/fphys.2014.00051

Cited by 89 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…It is a dynamic and progressive process in which changes occur, both morphological, functional, and biochemical and psychological which determine the progressive loss of the individual's ability to adapt to the environment, leading to greater vulnerability and greater incidence of pathological processes [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance exercise and testosterone treatment alters the proportion of numerical density of capillaries of the left ventricle of aging Wistar rats

et al. 2014

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance exercise and testosterone treatment alters the proportion of numerical density of capillaries of the left ventricle of aging Wistar rats

et al. 2014

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“…In turn this could lead to an increase in overall quality of life and a consequent reduction in healthcare use. In addition, exercise is of great importance for cardiovascular (Vigorito 2014) and bone health (Sakuma 2012). Reduced physical function and consequent lack of mobility in people with chronic pain is associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality (Nüesch 2011), with other studies linking severe chronic pain to general increased all-cause mortality (Moore 2014a; Torrance 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity and exercise for chronic pain in adults: an overview of Cochrane Reviews

Geneen

Moore²,

Clarke

et al. 2017

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

546

274

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BackgroundChronic pain is defined as pain lasting beyond normal tissue healing time, generally taken to be 12 weeks. It contributes to disability, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, poor quality of life, and healthcare costs. Chronic pain has a weighted mean prevalence in adults of 20%.For many years, the treatment choice for chronic pain included recommendations for rest and inactivity. However, exercise may have specific benefits in reducing the severity of chronic pain, as well as more general benefits associated with improved overall physical and mental health, and physical functioning.Physical activity and exercise programmes are increasingly being promoted and offered in various healthcare systems, and for a variety of chronic pain conditions. It is therefore important at this stage to establish the efficacy and safety of these programmes, and furthermore to address the critical factors that determine their success or failure.ObjectivesTo provide an overview of Cochrane Reviews of adults with chronic pain to determine (1) the effectiveness of different physical activity and exercise interventions in reducing pain severity and its impact on function, quality of life, and healthcare use; and (2) the evidence for any adverse effects or harm associated with physical activity and exercise interventions.MethodsWe searched theCochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) on the Cochrane Library (CDSR 2016, Issue 1) for systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials (RCTs), after which we tracked any included reviews for updates, and tracked protocols in case of full review publication until an arbitrary cut-off date of 21 March 2016 (CDSR 2016, Issue 3). We assessed the methodological quality of the reviews using the AMSTAR tool, and also planned to analyse data for each painful condition based on quality of the evidence.We extracted data for (1) self-reported pain severity, (2) physical function (objectively or subjectively measured), (3) psychological function, (4) quality of life, (5) adherence to the prescribed intervention, (6) healthcare use/attendance, (7) adverse events, and (8) death.Due to the limited data available, we were unable to directly compare and analyse interventions, and have instead reported the evidence qualitatively.Main resultsWe included 21 reviews with 381 included studies and 37,143 participants. Of these, 264 studies (19,642 participants) examined exercise versus no exercise/minimal intervention in adults with chronic pain and were used in the qualitative analysis.Pain conditions included rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, low back pain, intermittent claudication, dysmenorrhoea, mechanical neck disorder, spinal cord injury, postpolio syndrome, and patellofemoral pain. None of the reviews assessed 'chronic pain' or 'chronic widespread pain' as a general term or specific condition. Interventions included aerobic, strength, flexibility, range of motion, and core or balance training programmes, as well as yoga, Pilates, and tai chi.Reviews were well performed an...

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“…It is well-documented that traditional pharmacological and surgical therapies do not adequately address all of the impairments in PD [4]. Exercise has been shown to improve motor impairments in aging populations [5–7], and may be especially important for people with PD due to emerging evidence supporting potential neuroprotective effects [8]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of dance interventions in people with Parkinson disease and older adults

McNeely¹,

Duncan²,

Earhart³

2015

Maturitas

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It is important for our aging population to remain active, particularly those with chronic diseases, like Parkinson disease (PD), which limit mobility. Recent studies in older adults and people with PD suggest dance interventions provide various motor benefits. The literature for dance in PD is growing, but many knowledge gaps remain, relative to what is known in older adults. The purpose of this review is to: 1) detail results of dance intervention studies in older adults and in PD, 2) describe limitations of dance research in these populations, and 3) identify directions for future study. Generally, a wide variety of dance styles have been investigated in older adults, while a more limited subset has been evaluated in PD. Measures vary widely across studies and a lack of standardized outcomes measures hinders cross-studies comparisons. Compared to the dance literature in older adults, there is a notable absence of evidence in the PD literature in outcome domains related to cardiovascular health, muscle strength, body composition, flexibility, and proprioception. As a whole, the dance literature supports substantial and wide-ranging benefits in both populations, but additional effort should be dedicated to well-designed comparative studies using standardized outcome measures to identify optimal treatment programs.

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Effects of exercise on cardiovascular performance in the elderly

Cited by 89 publications

References 92 publications

Resistance exercise and testosterone treatment alters the proportion of numerical density of capillaries of the left ventricle of aging Wistar rats

Resistance exercise and testosterone treatment alters the proportion of numerical density of capillaries of the left ventricle of aging Wistar rats

Physical activity and exercise for chronic pain in adults: an overview of Cochrane Reviews

A comparison of dance interventions in people with Parkinson disease and older adults

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