Effects of Exercise on Patients Important Outcomes in Older People With Sarcopenia: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials

Shen, Yanjiao; Liú, Dan; Li, Sheyu; He, Yazhou; Tan, Fucha; Sun, Xuelian; Li, Daiping; Xia, Xin; Qin, Hao

doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.811746

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Both the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia Standards (AWGS) and the 2nd Edition of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia Standards (EWGSOP2) include walking speed as the diagnosis criteria of sarcopenia. The results of this study confirm that exercise can effectively increase the walking speed of the target group, which is consistent with previous studies [61][62][63]. However, a relatively higher level of heterogeneity existed among the included studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Efficacy of Exercise on Muscle Function and Physical Performance in Older Adults with Sarcopenia: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Wang

Huang

Zhao

2022

IJERPH

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This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of exercise interventions on muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance in older adults with sarcopenia. Randomized controlled studies assessing exercise effects on sarcopenia were searched in Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, Scopus, EMBASE, and VIP and CNKI up to 31 March 2022. Data were expressed as weighted/standardized mean difference (MD/SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). I2 index was employed for heterogeneity. The initial search identified 5379 studies, and 23 studies involving 1252 participants met the inclusion criteria for further analysis. Results revealed that exercise interventions can significantly improve grip strength (MD = 2.38, 95%CI = 1.33–3.43), knee extension strength (SMD = 0.50, 95%CI = 0.36 ~ 0.64), muscle mass of lower extremities (MD = 0.28, 95%CI = 0.01–0.56), walking speed (SMD = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.49–1.27), and functional mobility (MD = −1.77, 95%CI = −2.11–−1.42) among older adults with sarcopenia. No significant exercise effects were found on fat-free muscle mass, appendicular muscle mass, skeletal muscle mass, and muscle mass of the upper extremities. The results of subgroup analysis indicated that both resistance training and multicomponent exercise could significantly increase the muscle strength, while aerobic exercise did not. The findings suggest that exercise intervention can effectively improve muscle function and physical performance in older adults with sarcopenia, but has limited effects on the muscle mass of the upper extremities. In addition, it is highly recommended to apply group-based and supervised resistance training and multicomponent exercise in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia among the older population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Efficacy of Exercise on Muscle Function and Physical Performance in Older Adults with Sarcopenia: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Wang

Huang

Zhao

2022

IJERPH

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“…There is one large randomized controlled trial (RCT) 26 including 1519 older adults with sarcopenia available but was not included in the two NMAs. Moreover, our team previously conducted an umbrella review of systematic reviews trying to summarize the evidence for exercise as a treatment for sarcopenia and found that the quality of existing systematic reviews was low and, crucially, did not report on quality of life or all‐cause mortality 27 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise for sarcopenia in older people: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis

Shen

Shi

Nong

et al. 2023

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Background Sarcopenia is a serious public health concern among older adults worldwide. Exercise is the most common intervention for sarcopenia. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of different exercise types for older adults with sarcopenia. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effectiveness of exercise interventions on patient-important outcomes for older adults with sarcopenia were eligible. We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials via Ovid until 3 June 2022. We used frequentist random-effects network meta-analyses to summarize the evidence and applied the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations framework to rate the certainty of evidence. Results Our search identified 5988 citations, of which 42 RCTs proved eligible with 3728 participants with sarcopenia (median age: 72.9 years, female: 73.3%) with a median follow-up of 12 weeks. We are interested in patient-important outcomes that include mortality, quality of life, muscle strength and physical function measures. High or moderate certainty evidence suggested that resistance exercise with or without nutrition and the combination of resistance exercise with aerobic and balance training were the most effective interventions for improving quality of life compared to usual care (standardized mean difference from 0.68 to 1.11). Moderate certainty evidence showed that resistance and balance exercise plus nutrition (mean difference [MD]: 4.19 kg) was the most effective for improving handgrip strength (minimally important difference [MID]: 5 kg). Resistance and balance exercise with or without nutrition (MD: 0.16 m/s, moderate) were the most effective for improving physical function measured by usual gait speed (MID: 0.1 m/s). Moderate certainty evidence showed that resistance and balance exercise (MD: 1.85 s) was intermediately effective for improving physical function measured by timed up and go test (MID: 2.1 s). High certainty evidence showed that resistance and aerobic, or resistance and balance, or resistance and aerobic exercise plus nutrition (MD from 1.72 to 2.28 s) were intermediately effective for improving physical function measured by the five-repetition chair stand test (MID: 2.3 s). Conclusions In older adults with sarcopenia, high or moderate certainty evidence showed that resistance exercise with or without nutrition and the combination of resistance exercise with aerobic and balance training were the most effective interventions for improving quality of life. Adding nutritional interventions to exercise had a larger effect on handgrip strength than exercise alone while showing a similar effect on other physical function measures.

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“…A randomized controlled trial (RCT) by Otsuka et al (2022) showed that moderate-intensity RE improved the quality and quantity of lower muscle group, such as quadriceps and vastus lateralis muscle, in men and women aged 50-79 years compared with those who did not exercise in the 24 weeks trial. Another study to support the positive effect of exercise on sarcopenia is presented by Shen et al (2022) who concluded that there was an improvement of grip strength, knee extension strength, walking speed, and faster TUG test in sarcopenic patients that implemented exercise intervention. Although RE is considered the first-line treatment of sarcopenia, lower intense exercise also has positive impacts on sarcopenic patients.…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Importance of Sarcopenia And How It Impacts Orthopaedic-Trauma Patients and The Surgical Outcomes

Fauzi¹,

Idrial²,

Asdi³

2022

FMI

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Highlights: Sarcopenia can cause deleterious effects on patients. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) and the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) provide the most widely used criteria to diagnose sarcopenia. Knowledge of sarcopenia should be a trigger for clinicians and surgeons to evaluate the treatment plan and anticipate the implications experienced by the patients. Abstract: Sarcopenia is a condition of low muscle strength, mass, and low physical performance that is affected by age (primary sarcopenia) and one or combination of systemic diseases, physical inactivity, and insufficient intake of energy (secondary sarcopenia). This condition affects one in ten healthy adults aged ≥60 years. There are two widely used criteria to diagnose sarcopenia, the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) and the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP). These working groups created algorithms to facilitate the diagnosis. Establishing the diagnosis is crucial because it has deleterious impacts on patients, such as increasing risks of mortality, morbidity, falls, complications during and after surgery, disability, prolonged hospitalization, and fractures. Sarcopenia is considered an independent mortality risk. It is paramount for physicians to assess this condition before treating the patients because it can predict the risk and plan better treatment options to achieve better outcomes. Early assessment is crucial, even for surgeons. Sarcopenia also negatively impacts patients who had surgery. Up to 44% patients who underwent orthopedic trauma surgery had sarcopenia. The high percentage was affected by the increased risk of falls and fractures. On that account, this condition needs to be treated. The main treatments for this condition are exercise dan adequate nutrition intake. The recommended exercise as a first-line treatment is resistance or strength training. Overall, knowledge on sarcopenia can prepare clinicians and surgeons in anticipating the implications of sarcopenia.

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Effects of Exercise on Patients Important Outcomes in Older People With Sarcopenia: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Efficacy of Exercise on Muscle Function and Physical Performance in Older Adults with Sarcopenia: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Efficacy of Exercise on Muscle Function and Physical Performance in Older Adults with Sarcopenia: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Exercise for sarcopenia in older people: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis

Clinical Importance of Sarcopenia And How It Impacts Orthopaedic-Trauma Patients and The Surgical Outcomes

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