Effects of Exogenous Application of Plant Growth Regulators on Growth, Yield, and In Vitro Gynogenesis in Cucumber

Abstract

<jats:p>The effects of exogenous application of plant growth regulators (PGRs) were evaluated on both field performance and in vitro gynogenesis of ‘Chai Lai’ and ‘Big C’ cucumber (<jats:italic>Cucumis sativus</jats:italic> L.). Plants were sprayed with two concentrations of N<jats:sup>6</jats:sup>-furfuryladenine [kinetin (KIN); 2 and 20 ppm], 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA; 1 and 10 ppm), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA; 10 and 100 ppm), abscisic acid (ABA; 2 and 20 ppm), thidiazuron (TDZ; 1 and 10 ppm), and maleic hydrazide (MH; 10 and 100 ppm) to assess their effects on vegetative growth and floral and yield related traits in the Winter of 2013 and in the Summer of 2014 compared with distilled water control. Meanwhile, the effects of two PGRs (KIN and TIBA) on cucumber gynogenesis were also investigated in vitro. Growth parameters and floral and yield-related traits were significantly affected by the various PGRs in both cultivars during both seasons. In both cultivars, the highest yield was obtained with the application of 10 ppm NAA during the Winter of 2013 (1.5- to 1.8-fold over control) and with 1 ppm TIBA during the Summer of 2014 (2.1- to 2.2-fold over control). With regard to the ovary culture response, exogenous application of KIN and TIBA on floral buds tended to enhance callus formation in ‘Chai Lai’ cultured on I7 medium, whereas no effect was observed in ‘Big C’. The embryo-like structure (ELS) formation efficiencies also tended to increase with 2 and 20 ppm KIN and 1 ppm TIBA application in ‘Chai Lai’ and with 20 ppm KIN and 1 ppm TIBA application in ‘Big C’ when cultured on I7 medium. Nevertheless, TIBA at high concentrations (10 ppm) decreased the percentages of ELS formation and the number of ELSs/piece in both cultivars. These results suggest that the polar auxin transport may play a major role on growth, floral and yield-related traits, yield as well as in vitro gynogenesis in cucumber. However, the success of exogenous applications of these PGRs depended on several factors including plant genotypes, growing seasons, types and concentrations of PGRs, and for ovary culture, the responses also varied according to the induction media used. Chemical names: abscisic acid (ABA); maleic hydrazide (MH); naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); N<jats:sup>6</jats:sup>-furfuryladenine (kinetin; KIN); thidiazuron (TDZ); 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA).</jats:p>

Vegetative and Reproductive Growth and Yield of Plukenetia volubilis Plants in Responses to Foliar Application of Plant Growth Regulators

“…PGR (s) are employed in agriculture and horticulture to obtain specific advantages, such as decreased susceptibility toward biotic and abiotic stress, improved morphological structure, facilitation of harvesting, quantitative and qualitative increases in yield, and modification of plant constituents (Rademacher, 2015;Tantasawat et al, 2015). Most studies on the participation of these compounds in apical meristems have been conducted with the five classical groups (i.e., auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, ABA, and ethylene).…”

Effects of plant growth regulators on growth, flowering, fruiting and fruit yield of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.): A review

“…Fruit size, fruit length or fruit diameter can be increased by PGRs like TIBA, NAA, and MH (Tantasawat et al, 2015). Cell division, cell elongation and differentiation are mainly due to auxin which ultimately increase fruit size (Growth, 1986).…”

Plant growth regulators: One of the techniques of enhancing growth and yield of Bangladeshi local cucumber variety (Cucumis sativus)

“…Ethephon 300 ppm showed the highest value compare to other PGRs in branching characteristics. Generally, functions of PGRs differ with the variation of temperature and work effectively during low temperature (32). In Bangladesh, April to July is the hot period and the high temperature might affect the proper function of applied PGRs in case of stem length as well as the node for the male and female flower.…”