Effects of exogenous serotonin on a motor behavior and shelter competition in juvenile lobsters ( Homarus americanus )

Peeke, Harman V.S.; Blank, Grant S.; Figler, Michael H.; Chang, Ernest S.

doi:10.1007/s003590000113

Cited by 50 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Regardless, general trends are useful to observe. For instance, the concentrated 5-HTP injection result (Table 1) agrees with the fact that, in juvenile lobster hemolymph, a more polar metabolite of 5-HT (possibly 5-HT sulfate) was twice as concentrated as 5-HT 1 h after 5-HT injection in hemolymph (Peeke et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Systemic serotonin sulfate in opisthobranch mollusks

Stuart¹,

Ebaugh²,

Copes³

et al. 2004

Journal of Neurochemistry

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Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a ubiquitous modulatory neurotransmitter with roles as a neurohormone and neurotransmitter. However, few studies have been performed characterizing this molecule and its related metabolites in circulating fluids. Here, we demonstrate native 5-HT sulfate, but much lower levels of 5-HT, in hemolymph of the marine mollusk Pleurobranchaea californica. The metabolite 5-HT sulfate forms from 5-HT uptake and metabolism in central ganglia of Aplysia californica and in the visceral nerve and eye of Pleurobranchaea, but not in hemolymph itself. In addition, 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA), while not detected in hemolymph, forms in higher quantities than does 5-HT sulfate in the eye and visceral nerve, and c-glu-5-HT is also observed in this area but never in hemolymph. As systemic 5-HT sulfate appears not to originate from the optic region or from systemic 5-HT, 5-HT sulfate likely derives from the nervous system. Circulating 5-HT sulfate is at least 10-fold higher during the light portion of a 12 : 12-h light/dark cycle than during the dark portion (p < 0.0007), but there is no obvious trend for free systemic tryptophan (Trp) (p > 0.3) in Pleurobranchaea. 5-HT in mollusks is associated with general arousal state; thus, diurnal systemic changes in a 5-HT catabolite may reflect a regulatory role for indole catabolism in behavioral rhythms. Keywords: capillary electrophoresis, hemolymph, marine mollusk, serotonin, sulfation. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a biogenic amine responsible for a variety of tasks in the nervous system. For instance, 5-HT is implicated in learning and memory in the central nervous system (CNS) and emesis and peristaltic reflex in the enteric nervous system (ENS) (Bartsch et al. 2000;Buhot et al. 2000;Endo et al. 2000). Several organs serve as targets for 5-HT, but the fate of 5-HT in target tissues, let alone the physiological effects of the resulting metabolites, has not been fully ascertained. Knowledge of the products of transformed 5-HT, as well as their distribution patterns, will assist in illuminating the processes leading to impaired neurotransmission and eventually aid in designing compounds that could potentially inhibit disease in neural and surrounding tissues.Marine mollusks present an excellent model for the study of the nervous system because of their large cell somata and well-characterized neural networks. In gastropod mollusks, 5-HT is involved in many neurophysiological processes, including sensitization and facilitation of withdrawal reflexes (Hawkins et al. 1993), feeding behavior (Gillette and Davis 1977) and locomotion (McPherson and Blankenship 1991). However, 5-HT-related metabolites have received considerably less attention.Our laboratory recently demonstrated that 5-HT metabolism in Aplysia californica involves sulfation and c-glutamylation with trace amounts of monoamine oxidase activity present in the form of 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) (Stuart et al. 2003). In particular, 5-HT sulfate is present ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Systemic serotonin sulfate in opisthobranch mollusks

Stuart¹,

Ebaugh²,

Copes³

et al. 2004

Journal of Neurochemistry

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“…Similarly, serotonin appears to have no clear effect on shelter competition in lobsters [21]. Furthermore, since insect octopamine receptors are pharmacologically similar to vertebrate a-adrenoceptors [22], our finding that the shelter-residency effect was blocked by the a-adrenergic receptor antagonist phentolamine, but not by the ß-adrenergic receptor antagonist propranolol implicates the involvement of octopamine rather than dopamine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Octopamine and occupancy: an aminergic mechanism for intruder–resident aggression in crickets

2010

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Aggression is a behavioural strategy for securing resources (food, mates and territory) and its expression is strongly influenced by their presence and value. While it is known that resource holders are generally highly aggressive towards intruding consexuals and usually defeat them, the underlying neuronal mechanisms are not known. In a novel intruder -resident paradigm for field crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus), we show that otherwise submissive losers of a preceding aggressive encounter readily fight and often defeat aggressive winners after occupying an artificial shelter. This aggression enhancing effect first became evident after 2 min residency, and was maximal after 15 min, but absent 15 min after shelter removal. The residency effect was abolished following non-selective depletion of biogenic amines from the central nervous system using reserpine, or semi-selective depletion of octopamine and dopamine using a-methyl-tyrosine, but not following serotonin depletion using a-methyl-tryptophan. The residency effect was also abolished by the treatment with phentolamine, an a-adrenergic receptor antagonist, or epinastine, a highly selective octopamine receptor blocker, but not by propranolol, a ß-adrenergic receptor antagonist, or by yohimbine, an insect tyramine receptor blocker. We conclude that crickets evaluate residency as a rewarding experience that promotes aggressive motivation via a mechanism involving octopamine, the invertebrate analogue of noradrenaline.

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“…For example, Tierney & Mangiamele (2001) found that the level of aggression in P. clarkii was reduced by serotonin, being, however, enhanced by a serotonin analogue, 5-carboxamidotryptamine maleate. In Homarus americanus juveniles, low doses of 5-HT (<3 mg/kg) did not lead to any effect on dominance and competition, while higher doses (>3 mg/kg) produced subordinate animals (Peeke et al 2000). Finally, specimens of Orconectes rusticus implanted with 5-HT were indistinguishable from the controls in terms of fighting behaviour when the rate of the substance release was slow, but were more aggressive when it was fast (Panksepp & Huber 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…An alternative hypothesis is that bioamines are not the only, and possibly not the most important, hormonal substance influencing aggression in crustaceans (Kravitz 2000;Peeke et al 2000;Panksepp & Huber 2002). Recent studies have demonstrated close interactions between amines, neurons and circulating steroids (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogenic amines influence aggressiveness in crayfish but not their force or hierarchical rank

Tricarico

Gherardi

2007

Animal Behaviour

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This study aimed at understanding the influence of biogenic amines on the agonistic behaviour of the crayfish Procambarus clarkii, a model organism for crustacean decapods. Specifically, we investigated whether the hierarchical rank of fighting individuals might be altered by injecting solutions of either serotonin or octopamine into their haemolymph. First, we assessed the effect and duration of the bioamines on the behaviour, posture, and chelar force of 60 adult males paired for size. Then, we examined their potential to modify dominance hierarchies by observing, for 2 h after the treatment, the behaviour of three categories of familiar size-matched pairs: (1) 20 'control pairs' (both individuals injected with a physiological solution), (2) 20 'reinforced pairs' (the dominant individual, alpha, injected with serotonin, and the subordinate individual, beta, with octopamine), and (3) 20 'inverted pairs' (alpha injected with octopamine and beta with serotonin). The results clearly show that the two bioamines were able to alter the posture and aggressiveness of the treated individuals in opposite directions without affecting their chelar force. However, the large majority of the 'inverted pairs' retained their former position in the hierarchy. The role that intrinsic characteristics and prior social experience play in maintaining dominance hierarchies in crayfish is discussed.

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Effects of exogenous serotonin on a motor behavior and shelter competition in juvenile lobsters ( Homarus americanus )

Cited by 50 publications

References 26 publications

Systemic serotonin sulfate in opisthobranch mollusks

Systemic serotonin sulfate in opisthobranch mollusks

Octopamine and occupancy: an aminergic mechanism for intruder–resident aggression in crickets

Biogenic amines influence aggressiveness in crayfish but not their force or hierarchical rank

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