Effects of Exogenous Spermidine and Elevated CO2 on Physiological and Biochemical Changes in Tomato Plants Under Iso-osmotic Salt Stress

Zhang, Yi; Li, Shuo; Liang, Ying; Zhao, Hailiang; Hou, Leiping; Shi, Yu; Ahammed, Golam Jalal

doi:10.1007/s00344-018-9856-1

Cited by 49 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…For root morphology measurements, tomato roots were cleaned with tap water and the roots were gently spread on a root scanner (MRS-9600TFU2L, Shanghai Zhongjing Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China). Root morphology-related parameters such as root volume, root length, average diameter, and surface area were analyzed from the scanned image of the roots with root analysis software [22]. Six biological replicates were carried out in each experiment.…”

Section: Determination Of Biomass and Root Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was measured as an index of lipid peroxidation in leaves and roots according to Bailly et al [24] and relied on the thiobarbituric acid reaction [22]. H 2 O 2 concentrations in leaves and roots were analyzed spectrophotometrically by a peroxidase assay according to Willekens et al [25].…”

Section: Determination Of Membrane Lipid Peroxidation Reactive Oxygementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Free amino acid and organic acid contents were measured according to the method described previously by Zhang et al [22]. About 0.2 g of leaves and roots was placed in a 10-mL centrifuge tube, and 5 mL of 10% acetic acid was applied.…”

Section: Determination Of Osmotic Potential and Osmotic Regulatory Sumentioning

confidence: 99%

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Silicon Compensates Phosphorus Deficit-Induced Growth Inhibition by Improving Photosynthetic Capacity, Antioxidant Potential, and Nutrient Homeostasis in Tomato

et al. 2019

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Phosphorus (P) deficiency in soils is a major problem for sustainable crop production worldwide. Silicon (Si) is a beneficial element that can promote plant growth, development and responses to stresses. However, the effect of Si on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) growth, photosynthesis and mineral uptake under P deficit conditions and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we showed that low P (LP) supply inhibited tomato growth as revealed by significantly decreased fresh and dry weights of shoots and impaired root morphological traits. LP-induced growth inhibition was associated with decreased photosynthetic pigment content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and water use efficiency. However, exogenous Si application alleviated LP-induced decreases in growth and physiological parameters. In particular, Si increased Pn by 65.2%, leading to a significantly increased biomass accumulation. Biochemical quantification and in situ visualization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) showed increased ROS (O2−· and H2O2) accumulation under LP stress, which eventually elevated lipid peroxidation. Interestingly, exogenous Si decreased ROS and malondialdehyde levels by substantially increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase. In addition, Si increased concentrations of osmoregulatory substances, such as proline, soluble sugar, soluble proteins, free amino acids, and organic acids under LP stress. Analysis of major element concentrations revealed that exogenous Si application under LP stress not only increased Si uptake but also enhanced the concentrations of most essential elements (K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn) in different tissues (roots, leaves, and stems). These results reveal that Si mitigates LP stress by improving photosynthetic capacity, antioxidant potential, and nutrient homeostasis and that it can be used for agronomic management of vegetable crops in P-deficient soils.

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Section: Determination Of Biomass and Root Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Determination Of Membrane Lipid Peroxidation Reactive Oxygementioning

confidence: 99%

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Silicon Compensates Phosphorus Deficit-Induced Growth Inhibition by Improving Photosynthetic Capacity, Antioxidant Potential, and Nutrient Homeostasis in Tomato

et al. 2019

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“…Tomatoes ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) are cultivated as an annual vegetable crop worldwide. Similar to the field-grown tomatoes, greenhouse tomatoes also face challenges from various environmental stressors such as high temperature and salinity as the infrastructures at the farmers’ levels are not automated and have no precise temperature control systems in the developing countries like China ( Li et al, 2015 ; Yi et al, 2018 ). Moreover, boosting crop yield by CO 2 enrichment without sufficient control on the atmospheric temperature often exposes a plant to such unfavorable greenhouse conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated CO2 Improves Photosynthesis Under High Temperature by Attenuating the Functional Limitations to Energy Fluxes, Electron Transport and Redox Homeostasis in Tomato Leaves

Pan

Ahammed

et al. 2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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Elevated atmospheric CO2 improves leaf photosynthesis and plant tolerance to heat stress, however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we exposed tomato plants to elevated CO2 (800 μmol mol-1) and/or high temperature (42°C for 24 h), and examined a range of photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters as well as cellular redox state to better understand the response of photosystem II (PSII) and PSI to elevated CO2 and heat stress. The results showed that, while the heat stress drastically decreased the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax), maximum ribulose-1,5-bis-phosphate (RuBP) regeneration rate (Jmax) and maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), the elevated CO2 improved those parameters under heat stress and at a 24 h recovery. Furthermore, the heat stress decreased the absorption flux, trapped energy flux, electron transport, energy dissipation per PSII cross section, while the elevated CO2 had the opposing effects that eventually decreased photoinhibition, damage to photosystems and reactive oxygen species accumulation. Similarly, the elevated CO2 helped the plants to maintain a reduced redox state as evidenced by the increased ratios of ASA:DHA and GSH:GSSG under heat stress and at recovery. Furthermore, the concentration of NADP+ and ratio of NADP+ to NADPH were induced by elevated CO2 at recovery. This study unraveled the crucial mechanisms of elevated CO2-mediated changes in energy fluxes, electron transport and redox homeostasis under heat stress, and shed new light on the responses of tomato plants to combined heat and elevated CO2.

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“…A large number of studies have reported that exogenous Spd can improve the tolerance of plants to salt stress [26][27][28]. Exogenous Spd could enhance the accumulation of proline and antioxidant enzymes to increase tolerance to salt stress [26][27][28]. Spd reduces the content of MDA, increases the content of chlorophyll, and regulates PSII activity in wheat seedlings under salt stress [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gibberellin mediates spermidine-induced salt tolerance and the expression of GT-3b in cucumber

Wang

Gong

Liu

et al. 2020

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

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Background Transcription factor GT-3b binds to the GT-1 element in the promoter of Sadenosylmethionine synthase (SAMs) gene, the key gene of spermidine (Spd) biosynthesis, to regulate its expression, thereby increasing the salt tolerance of cucumber plants. Furthermore, exogenous Spd increases the transcript level and protein abundance of SAMs, which promotes the accumulation of endogenous polyamine. However, whether Spd regulation of SAMs depending on GT-3b is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the potential mechanism of Spd in regulating of GT-3b in cucumber seedlings under salt stress. Results Exogenous Spd significantly increased the tolerance to salt stress in cucumber, while its effects were compromised when application of methylglyoxal bis-guanylhydrazone (MGBG), an inhibitor of Spd biosynthesis. GT-3b was significantly induced by Spd under salt stress. The promoter sequence of GT-3b was predicted that there contained cis-acting regulatory elements response to phytohormones, such as gibberellin (GA), salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Foliar spray of GA 3 , SA and MeJA could induce the expression of GT-3b. Interestingly, exogenous Spd dramatically induced the expression of genes related to GA biosynthesis, increased the activity of gibberellin oxidase, and promoted the accumulation of GA 3 , but decreased in MGBG-treated plants. Furthermore, application of GA 3 increased the expression of GT-3b and salt tolerance, while blocked when treatment with paclobutrazol (PAZ), the GA biosynthesis inhibitor. In addition, Spd-induced salt tolerance was compromised in PAZ-treated plants. Conclusions Our results suggested that GA mediated Spd-induced salt tolerance and the expression of GT-3b in cucumber. These results provide new perspective for our understanding the molecular mechanism of Spd in regulation of salt tolerance in plants.

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Effects of Exogenous Spermidine and Elevated CO2 on Physiological and Biochemical Changes in Tomato Plants Under Iso-osmotic Salt Stress

Cited by 49 publications

References 33 publications

Silicon Compensates Phosphorus Deficit-Induced Growth Inhibition by Improving Photosynthetic Capacity, Antioxidant Potential, and Nutrient Homeostasis in Tomato

Silicon Compensates Phosphorus Deficit-Induced Growth Inhibition by Improving Photosynthetic Capacity, Antioxidant Potential, and Nutrient Homeostasis in Tomato

Elevated CO2 Improves Photosynthesis Under High Temperature by Attenuating the Functional Limitations to Energy Fluxes, Electron Transport and Redox Homeostasis in Tomato Leaves

Gibberellin mediates spermidine-induced salt tolerance and the expression of GT-3b in cucumber

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