Effects of exogenous vitamins A, C, and E and NADH supplementation on proliferation, cytokines release, and cell redox status of lymphocytes from healthy aged subjects

Abstract

Aging is an inevitable biological event that is associated with immune alterations. These alterations are related to increased cellular oxidative stress and micronutrient deficiency. Antioxidant supplementation could improve these age-related abnormalities. The aim of this study was to determine in vitro effects of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) on T cell proliferation, cytokine release, and cell redox status in the elderly compared with young adults. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were isolated using a density gradient of Histopaque. They were cultured in vitro and stimulated with concanavalin A in the presence or absence of vitamins. Cell proliferation was determined by conducting MTT assays, and based on interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 secretions. Cell oxidant/antioxidant balance was assessed by assaying reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde, carbonyl protein levels, and catalase activity. The present study demonstrated that T-lymphocyte proliferation was decreased with aging and was associated with cytokine secretion alterations, GSH depletion, and intracellular oxidative stress. In the elderly, vitamin C, vitamin E, and NADH significantly improved lymphocyte proliferation and mitigated cellular oxidative stress, whereas vitamin A did not affect cell proliferation or cell redox status. In conclusion, vitamin C, vitamin E, and NADH supplementation improved T-lymphocytes response in the elderly, and could contribute to the prevention of age-related immune alterations. Consumption of food items containing these vitamins is recommended, and further investigation is necessary to evaluate the effect of vitamin supplementation in vivo.

Epidemiological, clinical and mechanistic perspectives of tuberculosis in older people

“…Furthermore, undernourishment has been well shown to be associated with impairment of immune function of the host . Some micronutrients are possibly of importance in protecting against reactivated TB, through anti‐oxidative and other mechanisms . Interestingly, obesity appears to protect against development of TB .…”

“…83 Some micronutrients are possibly of importance in protecting against reactivated TB, through anti-oxidative and other mechanisms. 84,85 Interestingly, obesity appears to protect against development of TB. 86 The relevance of nutritional attention in preventing and managing TB is likely to be highest in geriatric patients, and more research appears warranted.…”

Vitamin C promotes the proliferation and effector functions of human γδ T cells

“…6 VC at high concentrations reduces the viability of lymphocytes and inhibits lymphocyte proliferation in vitro, [7][8][9] while optimal concentrations of VC promote B-cell proliferation in response to LPS 8 and T-cell proliferation in response to the mitogen concanavalin A. 10 VC also augments the in vitro proliferative capacity of human NK cells. 11 Furthermore, it has been reported that VC increases the stability and function of regulatory T cells through Tet-dependent demethylation of the FoxP3 regulatory elements.…”

Theory about Treatments and Morbidity Prevention of Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19)

“…Using some injectable vitamins such as vitamin C and oral vitamin E, vitamin D and multivitamin and highly effective antioxidant drugs such as immunace syrup under the supervision of doctors are effective. So according to this study consumption of the above mentioned treatments and prevention of coronavirus disease are recommended [6,7,13,14].…”