Effects of exposure and information structure in native and non-native pronoun resolution in French

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The present study investigated pronoun resolution strategies in French native speakers and in German-speaking learners of French. French and German differ in antecedent preferences in ambiguous constructions such as <jats:italic>The postman hit the pirate before he went home</jats:italic>: while French shows a N2-preference, German shows a N1-preference. This difference is explained by effects of exposure to an unambiguous alternative construction referring to N1 that exists in French, but not in German (Hemforth et al. 2010, Language specific preferences in anaphor resolution: Exposure or gricean maxims? In Steallan Ohlsson and Richard Catarambone (eds.), <jats:italic>32nd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society</jats:italic>, 2218–2223. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society). In questionnaires, we tested French active and passive sentences to investigate (a) whether the L2-learners would apply the same strategy as natives in the active condition (i.e. N2-preference), and (b) whether the explicit topicalization of a referent as a consequence of passivization influences interpretation preferences in both groups (resulting in more N1 choices). The results show that German learners prefer the N1 more often than the French natives in the active condition. Crucially, the number of N1 choices increased in both groups in the passive condition. These results suggest that L2-learners might have difficulties acquiring strategies based on the frequency and availability of alternative constructions in the L2, and provide further evidence for the importance of information-structure-based strategies in L1 and L2 pronoun resolution.</jats:p>

First Language Influence on Second Language Offline and Online Ambiguous Pronoun Resolution

“…With respect to the phenomenon investigated here, if learners do not engage (or engage less) in preemptive learning, they should not only be less likely to transfer construction‐dependent biases from the L1, but it should also be very difficult for them to acquire construction‐dependent biases in the target language, regardless of any L1 effects. This prediction could be tested by examining whether very advanced learners of a language in which alternative constructions exist and do influence pronoun resolution (e.g., French and Spanish) ever acquire knowledge of the resulting construction‐dependent bias (see Colonna, Schimke, de la Fuente, Kuck, & Hemforth, , for evidence that intermediate L2 learners of French have not acquired this bias).…”