Effects of exposure to Diazinon on the lung and small intestine of Guinea pig, histological and some histochemical changes

Rady, Mohamed I.

doi:10.1590/s1516-89132009000200008

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Ethion exposure combined with LPS showed sloughing of airways epithelium, expanded perivascular space, peribronchial and perivascular infilteration of cells suggesting lung injury. Acute exposure to diazinon [32] in guinea pig and phosgene [33] in mice causes lung damage. The pesticide induced pulmonary alterations could be attributed to the decrease in the antioxidant status [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of ethion and lipopolysaccharide interaction on lung in a mouse model

Verma

Sethi

2020

Lab Anim Res

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Ethion is an organophosphate used commonly in India despite being banned in many other countries. The present study was designed to study the interaction of ethion and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) together on lung after single low dose ethion exposure. Mice (n = 20) were alienated into control and treatment groups (n = 10 each). The treatment group was orally fed ethion (8 mg/kg/animal/day) dissolved in corn oil. The animals (n = 5 each) from both the groups were challenged with 80 μg Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intranasally and the remaining animals (n = 5 each) were administered normal saline solution after 24 h. Ethion along with LPS induced lung inflammation as indicated by increased neutrophils and total leukocyte count (TLC) in broncheoalveolar lavage fluid. Ethion induced histomorphological alterations in lung as shown by increased pulmonary inflammation score in histopathology. Real time PCR analysis showed that ethion followed by LPS resulted significant (p < 0.05) increase in pulmonary Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 (48.53 fold), interleukin (IL)-1β (7.05 fold) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (5.74 fold) mRNA expression. LPS co-exposure suggested synergistic effect on TLR4 and TNF-α mRNA expression. Ethion alone or in combination with LPS resulted genotoxicity in blood cells as detected by comet assay. The data suggested single dietary ethion exposure alone or in conjunction with LPS causes lung inflammation and genotoxicity in blood cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of ethion and lipopolysaccharide interaction on lung in a mouse model

Verma

Sethi

2020

Lab Anim Res

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“…Adrenal medulla synthesize, store and secrete catecholamines (epinephrine and nor-epinephrine) ( the established hormones of emergency (Rady 2009); while a variety of steroid hormones are produced in adrenal cortex. Three distinct zones of adrenal cortex namely: Zona Glomerulosa, Zona Fasciculata and Zona Reticularis produce mineralocorticoids (the aldosterone), glucocorticoids (corticosterone and cortisol) and sex steroids (adrenal androgens), respectively (Rosol et al 2001;Harvey 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological and micrometric effects of diazinon exposure on adrenal medulla and cortex in mice

Raees¹,

Ishfaq

Ullah

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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Histopathological effects of Diazinon (DZ) were studied on adrenal gland in virgin young female mice divided into five groups (10 animals each): (1) Control (untreated); (2) and (3) 9 and 18 mg kg(1 single exposure groups (given distilled water on day 1 and 2 and DZ on day 3); (4) and (5) 9 and 18 mg kg(1 multiple exposure groups (given respective DZ doses on days 1Á3). All doses were applied by gavage. Animals were euthanized by cervical dislocation on day 6. Adrenals were removed surgically for histological and micrometric assessments of medulla and cortex. Histological examination of adrenal medulla revealed apoptotic changes and granular depletion in chromaffin cells while cortex gave impression of increased thickness of Zona Fasciculata following multiple DZ exposures. Mean cell sizes in cortical and medullary regions showed dose and exposure dependent significant decline. In conclusion, DZ exposure caused granular depletion in chromaffin cells indicating a rapid release of adrenaline and increased fascicular thickness indicating an anticipated shift from adrenal sex steroids to glucocorticoids biosynthesis and release. Apoptotic changes and significant decline in mean cell sizes of cortical and medullary regions were considered as the outcomes of oxidative and biosynthetic stresses of DZ exposure.

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“…Oral administration of diazinon to guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) was associated with small intestinal lymphocytosis, submucosal hemorrhage, erosions, and intestinal epithelial necrosis (Rady, 2009). In neither study were the mechanisms of these changes determined.…”

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confidence: 88%