“…The myriad benefits of ER have been felt by institutions, teachers, and especially students in specific skills such as gains on student reading comprehension, grammatical competence and vocabulary knowledge (Bell, 2001;Sheu, 2003), vocabulary acquisition (Suk, 2016;Webb & Chang, 2015), reading fluency (e.g., Bell, 2001;Hufman, 2014;Iwahori, 2008), and writing performance (Irvine, 2011;Park, 2016). Overall, ER is impactful in enhancing learners' motivation to read and on the whole, student English learning (Takase, 2008).…”