Effects of Extrusion and Starch Removal Pretreatment on Zein Proteins Extracted from Corn Gluten Meal

Abstract

In this study, the structure and selected properties of zeins extracted from corn gluten meal (CGM) pretreated by extrusion and removal of starch were investigated. The structure and properties of the zeins from pretreated CGM changed significantly. Pretreatments can decrease the extraction yields of zeins and change the granule shape and size of zein aggregates. The studies indicated that extrusion and removal of starch can significantly decrease the thermal enthalpy (ΔH1 and ΔH2) of zein from 1.94 ± 0.20 to 0.19 ± 0.10 and from 107.20 ± 0.80 to 78.62 ± 2.30 and J/g, respectively. The SDS‐PAGE results confirmed that the molecular weight of zeins from CGM was 24,000 and 27,000, and the molecular weight of zeins did not change with the pretreatment. On the other hand, the circular dichroism spectroscopy results showed that the processing of extrusion and removal of starch can change the secondary structure content of β‐sheets and β‐turns; these results indicated that extrusion and removal of starch can significantly break the secondary structure of zeins. Furthermore, extrusion and removal of starch can change the sulfhydryl content of zeins. The obtained results provided some fundamental information that is useful for further modification of CGM to improve its functional properties and industrial applications.

Preparation and Evaluation of New Glycopeptides Obtained by Proteolysis from Corn Gluten Meal Followed by Transglutaminase-Induced Glycosylation with Glucosamine

“…CGM was purified from original CGM as per our previously reported method [12]. Briefly, CGM suspensions of 10% (w/v) in pH 6.0 phosphate buffer were incubated with α-amylase (30 U/g of protein) at 60 • C for 2 h. After boiling the solution to inactivate the enzyme, the mixture was filtered to remove starch hydrolysates.…”

Towards plant protein refinery: Review on protein extraction using alkali and potential enzymatic assistance

“…A beneficial pre‐treatment is e.g. the mild technique used in starch production that actually contributes to the ease of cereal‐based protein extraction [6]. The contrary is true for oilseed‐based protein.…”

Analysis of electrophoretic spectra of zeins for the evaluation of the genetic diversity of maize lines (Zea mays (L.) Merr.)

“…̳ae äîñë³äaeóâàíèìè ë³í³ÿìè 'ÄÊ3070' òà 'ÄÊ633/325' ïîì³÷åíî òàêîae âèñîêó ñïîð³äíå-í³ñòü çà êîìïîíåíòàìè çå¿íó. ²ç 16 [13,[22][23][24]. Òàêèì ÷èíîì, ìåòîä åëåêòðîôîðåçó çå¿íó äຠçìîãó íå ò³ëüêè ³äåíòèô³êóâàòè ë³í³¿ òà ã³áðèäè êóêóðóäçè, à é çä³éñíþâàòè êîíòðîëü çà îäíîð³äí³ñòþ ë³-í³é òà ñòóïåíåì ã³áðèäíîñò³.…”