Effects of fasting and refeeding on intestinal cell proliferation and apoptosis in hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini)

Takahashi, Hideya; Hyodo, Susumu; Abe, Tsukasa; Takagi, Chiyo; Grau, Gordon; Sakamoto, Tatsuya; Suzuki, Nobuo

doi:10.12980/jclm.2.201414j17

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…For example, in pigs, PCNA + cell quantities increased from birth during the suckling period and decreased as a result of weaning stress (Verdile et al, 2019). Furthermore, prolonged fasting and refeeding, which naturally occur in snakes, frogs, and fish, correlated with respective decreases and increases in PCNA + intestinal epithelial cells (Helmstetter et al, 2009;Takahashi et al, 2014;Tamaoki et al, 2016). Chicken and other precocial birds exhibit dramatic changes in intestinal morphology and functionality during the peri-hatch period, in which their digestive tract undergoes a transition from embryonic, egg-based nutrition, to external nutrition (Uni et al, 1999(Uni et al, , 2003bGilbert et al, 2007;Ding et al, 2011;Miska et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

It’s All About Timing: Early Feeding Promotes Intestinal Maturation by Shifting the Ratios of Specialized Epithelial Cells in Chicks

et al. 2020

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The small intestine (SI) of chicks (Gallus gallus) matures rapidly during the initial post-hatch period and acquires digestive, absorptive, and secretive capabilities. The effects of the timing of first feeding on the quantities and distribution of specialized epithelial cells, which generate and maintain SI morphology and functionality, have not yet been examined. In this study, we identified specialized SI epithelial cell sub-types, including stem, progenitor, proliferating, and differentiated cells within crypts and villi of chicks during the first 10 days post-hatch, by in situ hybridization (ISH), immunofluorescence (IF), and histochemical staining. We then examined their quantities and ratios between day of hatch and d10 in chicks that were fed upon hatch [early feeding (EF)], compared to chicks that were fed 24 h post-hatch [delayed feeding (DF)]. Results showed that EF increased total cell quantities in the crypts and villi at days 1, 3, 7, and 10, compared to DF (p < 0.0001). At d3, EF, in comparison to DF, decreased crypt stem cell proportions (p < 0.0001), increased crypt proliferating (p < 0.01) and differentiated (p < 0.05) cell proportions, and increased villus enterocyte proportions (p < 0.01). By d10, EF increased both the quantities and proportions of villus enterocytes and goblet cells, compared to DF. We conclude that feeding upon hatch, compared to 24 h-delayed feeding, enhanced SI maturation and functionality by increasing the quantities and proportions of proliferating and differentiated cells, thus expanding the digestive, absorptive, and secretive cell populations throughout the initial post-hatch period.

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