Effects of Feeding <i>Spodoptera littoralis</i> on Lima Bean Leaves. III. Membrane Depolarization and Involvement of Hydrogen Peroxide

Maffei, Massimo E.; Mithöfer, Axel; Arimura, Gen Ichiro; Uchtenhagen, Hannes; Bossi, Simone; Bertea, Cinzia M.; Cucuzza, L. Starvaggi; Novero, Mara; Volpe, Veronica; Quadro, Stefano; Boland, Wilhelm

doi:10.1104/pp.105.071993

Cited by 197 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(103 reference statements)

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“…For example, cowpea and soybean both belong to the Fabaceae millettiod clade; however, based on E, JA, and VOC production, these crops recognize different elicitor classes present in larval Spodoptera pests (12,14,38). Curiously, lima bean and soybean have been used as interchangeable experimental systems to address legume recognition of Spodoptera feeding, elicitation, and FAC activity (39,40). In soybean suspension cultures, volicitin proved less active than N-linolenoyl-Gln in triggering cytosolic Ca ϩ2 influx (39).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytohormone-based activity mapping of insect herbivore-produced elicitors

Schmelz

Engelberth

Alborn

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

232

225

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In response to insect attack, many plants exhibit dynamic biochemical changes, resulting in the induced production of direct and indirect defenses. Elicitors present in herbivore oral secretions are believed to positively regulate many inducible plant defenses; however, little is known about the specificity of elicitor recognition in plants. To investigate the phylogenic distribution of elicitor activity, we tested representatives from three different elicitor classes on the time course of defense-related phytohormone production, including ethylene (E), jasmonic acid (JA), and salicylic acid, in a range of plant species spanning angiosperm diversity. All families examined responded to at least one elicitor class with significant increases in E and JA production within 1 to 2 h after treatment, yet elicitation activity among species was highly idiosyncratic. The fatty-acid amino acid conjugate volicitin exhibited the widest range of phytohormone and volatile inducing activity, which spanned maize (Zea mays), soybean (Glycine max), and eggplant (Solanum melongena). In contrast, the activity of inceptinrelated peptides, originally described in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), was limited even within the Fabaceae. Similarly, caeliferin A16:0, a disulfooxy fatty acid from grasshoppers, was the only elicitor with demonstrable activity in Arabidopsis thaliana. Although precise mechanisms remain unknown, the unpredictable nature of elicitor activity between plant species supports the existence of specific receptor-ligand interactions mediating recognition. Despite the lack of an ideal plant model for studying the action of numerous elicitors, E and JA exist as highly conserved and readily quantifiable markers for future discoveries in this field.ethylene ͉ insect elicitor ͉ jasmonic acid ͉ plant defense ͉ volatile organic compound

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytohormone-based activity mapping of insect herbivore-produced elicitors

Schmelz

Engelberth

Alborn

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

232

225

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“…RT-PCR and qRT-PCR were conducted as described previously (Ryu et al, 2004a). To detect expression levels of PR-2, LOX, and Actin genes, adequate primers were obtained from Edington et al (1991;PR-2), Meier et al (1993;LOX), and Maffei et al (2006;Actin) and were as follows: PvPR-2 (forward, 5#-GCCACAAATGCCGACACTGC-3#; reverse, 5#-GGACT-CACTTCATTGCCAACTGC-3#), PvLOX (forward, 5#-GTGAGAGGCGATG-GAAGTGGAG-3#; reverse, 5#-TGCGAGGGTAAGGTAAGGTAGAAC-3#), and PlActin (forward, 5#-AGGCTCCTCTTAACCCCAAG-3#; reverse, 5#-GTGGGAGAGCATAACCCTCA-3#).…”

Section: Rt-pcr and Qrt-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne Induction and Priming of Plant Defenses against a Bacterial Pathogen

Heil²,

et al. 2009

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Herbivore-induced plant volatiles affect the systemic response of plants to local damage and hence represent potential plant hormones. These signals can also lead to "plant-plant communication," a defense induction in yet undamaged plants growing close to damaged neighbors. We observed this phenomenon in the context of disease resistance. Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) plants in a natural population became more resistant against a bacterial pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv syringae, when located close to conspecific neighbors in which systemic acquired resistance to pathogens had been chemically induced with benzothiadiazole (BTH). Airborne disease resistance induction could also be triggered biologically by infection with avirulent P. syringae. Challenge inoculation after exposure to induced and noninduced plants revealed that the air coming from induced plants mainly primed resistance, since expression of PATHOGENESIS-RELATED PROTEIN2 (PR-2) was significantly stronger in exposed than in nonexposed individuals when the plants were subsequently challenged by P. syringae. Among others, the plant-derived volatile nonanal was present in the headspace of BTH-treated plants and significantly enhanced PR-2 expression in the exposed plants, resulting in reduced symptom appearance. Negative effects on growth of BTH-treated plants, which usually occur as a consequence of the high costs of direct resistance induction, were not observed in volatile organic compound-exposed plants. Volatile-mediated priming appears to be a highly attractive means for the tailoring of systemic acquired resistance against plant pathogens.

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“…ROS scavenger enzymes were extracted following the method of Zhang and Kirkham (1996) with some modifications (Maffei et al 2006). All operations were carried out at 48C.…”

Section: Scavenging Enzyme Extraction and Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of enzyme activities and expression of genes related to primary and secondary metabolism in response to UV-B stress in cucumber (Cucumis sativusL.)

Cantarello

Volpe

Azzolin

et al. 2005

Journal of Plant Interactions

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Exposure to UV-B at ambient or enhanced levels is known to trigger a variety of responses in all living organisms, including higher plants. Here we show that in Cucumis sativus L. UV-B radiation affects enzyme activity of key oxydative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP) enzymes glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6P-DH) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGlu-DH), of key phenolic compounds enzyme phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) as well as erythrose-4-phosphate, tryptophan and tyrosine levels. Furthermore, we found an increased activity of antioxidant enzymes such as peroxidase (POX) and catalase (CAT) in treated plants, with respect to the controls. In order to confirm the biochemical results, we isolated total RNA from both controls and UV-B treated plants to be used for gene expression analysis. We demonstrated that UV-B increases the gene expression level of peroxidase (POX ), catalase (CAT ) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL ). Finally, our results are useful for understanding protective strategies against UV-B radiation and for elucidating what components are involved in stress-induced signals within the plant.

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Effects of Feeding Spodoptera littoralis on Lima Bean Leaves. III. Membrane Depolarization and Involvement of Hydrogen Peroxide

Cited by 197 publications

References 84 publications

Phytohormone-based activity mapping of insect herbivore-produced elicitors

Phytohormone-based activity mapping of insect herbivore-produced elicitors

Airborne Induction and Priming of Plant Defenses against a Bacterial Pathogen

Modulation of enzyme activities and expression of genes related to primary and secondary metabolism in response to UV-B stress in cucumber (Cucumis sativusL.)

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