Effects of fillers on the impact damage and compressive residual properties of single hat-stiffened composite panels

Liu, Longquan; Xu, Wenjun

doi:10.1016/j.tws.2022.109705

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Adding micro-/nano-sized fillers to the matrix improves their resistance to delamination and the toughness of the composites was found to be enhanced by mechanisms like cavitations, crack pinning, crack deflection, and crack bridging. [28][29][30] The compressive load capacities and damage tolerance performance of the composite plate may also benefit from the addition of the filler. 31 Waste materials from fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) composite industries often end up in landfills, causing negative environmental impacts, and this is a relatively new issue for the composites industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Composite laminates typically made using thermoset matrices like epoxy have subpar impact damage resistance, weak fiber/matrix interface bond strength, brittle fractures, and weak transverse mechanical properties. Adding micro‐/nano‐sized fillers to the matrix improves their resistance to delamination and the toughness of the composites was found to be enhanced by mechanisms like cavitations, crack pinning, crack deflection, and crack bridging 28–30 . The compressive load capacities and damage tolerance performance of the composite plate may also benefit from the addition of the filler 31 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel approach to enhance the mechanical behavior of glass epoxy laminates with sustainable recycled milled fillers

Elango,

Santulli,

Vellayaraj

2024

Polymer Composites

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The aerospace, automotive, and energy industries can use fiber‐reinforced composites due to their high specific strength and stiffness. However, unexpected external impacts in work cause internal damage and residual strength loss in composite structures. Another ongoing issue is the sustainable management of composite materials' end‐of‐life. The quasi‐static indentation properties of glass epoxy composites are investigated in this study using different kinds of novel filler materials that are recycled from old composite materials: recycled milled carbon (rmCF), recycled milled Kevlar filler (rmKF), and an innovative hybrid filler (rmBF) composed of recycled milled carbon and Kevlar fillers (rmBF). Surface roughness and hardness studies assessed the quasi‐static indentation (QSI) response of neat glass epoxy and glass epoxy composites loaded with fillers using indentation force, absorbed energy, residual dent depth, and evolution of damage area. Compared to the baseline samples, the rmCF composites performed exceptionally well, showing a 16% increase in peak force, a 59% decrease in damaged area, and a 6.32% and 22.5% reduction in surface roughness, respectively (Ra and Sa). After QSI tests, rmC filler samples had 26.8% higher residual flexural strength than neat glass epoxy composites in a three‐point bending test. Through toughening mechanisms like filler interlocking and bridging, micrographs captured using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that recycled fillers provide a higher level of stiffness, better energy dissipation, less damaged area, and overall improved hardness.Highlights Recycled milled carbon (rmCF) and Kevlar hybrid fillers (rmKF) have been integrated into glass/epoxy composites. The damage tolerance of glass epoxy composites was as a whole significantly improved by the rmCF integration. The Kevlar fillers' inadequate adhesion and interlaminar shear strength were compensated for by the Hybrid fillers (rmBF). Micrographs taken with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) clearly show the fillers' role in the resistance to damage propagation processes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel approach to enhance the mechanical behavior of glass epoxy laminates with sustainable recycled milled fillers

Elango,

Santulli,

Vellayaraj

2024

Polymer Composites

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“…This enables SSP specimens to represent a level of complexity that can bridge the gap between the coupon-level specimens and structural components. SSP Specimens are also well-suited for evaluating the effects of impact damage and manufacturing defects on the integrity of composite structures subject to compression loads [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation on the Failure Behavior of Single-Stiffened Composite Panels under Compressive Load

Yu¹,

Zhang²,

Chen³

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Whilst the thin-walled composite structures have been widely used to build the primary components in aircraft, Low-Velocity Impact (LVI) can cause severe intra-laminar and inter-laminar damage in the composite material, reducing the mechanical performance of these components. This paper presents an experimental study on the compressive failure behavior of a Single Hat-Stiffener Panel (SHSP) with two typical flaws, i.e., impact-induced damage and skin/stiffener debonding. LVI tests were performed to introduce the damage around the radius edge of the stiffener and the center of the flat skin panel, respectively, while the skin/stiffener debonding was introduced to the SHSP by artificially embedding a PTFE film at the skin/stiffener interface during autoclave curing. The impact energy to cause Barely Visible Impact Damage (BVID) was determined to be 22 J for the thin SHSP configuration. Whilst the considerable damage area was detected by the ultrasonic scan for the thick SHSP at an energy level of 35 J, the impact-induced indentation was not visually detectable (<0.35 mm), indicating a high impact resistance of this thick SHSP. Compression After Impact (CAI) results showed a significant reduction (59.1%) in the ultimate compressive strength of the SHSP when the impact location was on the stiffener compared to the pristine specimen. However, this reduction is less significant (34.7%) when the damage resulted from the same impact energy in the flat skin panel. In this study, the presence of skin/stiffener debonding does not adversely influence the compressive strength of the thick SHSP, while this debonding flaw appears to cause a minor reduction in the compressive strength of the thin SHSP.

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Constructing flexible fiber bridging claws of micro/nano short aramid fiber at interlayer of basalt fiber reinforced polymer for improving compressive strength with and without impact

HE,

LYU,

YANG

et al. 2024

Chinese Journal of Aeronautics

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Effects of fillers on the impact damage and compressive residual properties of single hat-stiffened composite panels

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

A novel approach to enhance the mechanical behavior of glass epoxy laminates with sustainable recycled milled fillers

A novel approach to enhance the mechanical behavior of glass epoxy laminates with sustainable recycled milled fillers

Experimental Investigation on the Failure Behavior of Single-Stiffened Composite Panels under Compressive Load

Constructing flexible fiber bridging claws of micro/nano short aramid fiber at interlayer of basalt fiber reinforced polymer for improving compressive strength with and without impact

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