Effects of fish farming on macrophytes in temperate carp ponds

Frančová, Kateřina; Šumberová, Kateřina; Janauer, Georg A.; Adámek, Zdeněk

doi:10.1007/s10499-018-0331-6

Cited by 37 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…In shallow ponds and lakes, the open-water zone is not an entirely simple habitat because submerged vegetation provides structure offering shelter and additional food resources, such as detritus (Carpenter & Lodge, 1986), and thus it can affect invertebrate and tadpole distributions. The adverse impact of fish on submerged macrophytes (reviewed in Scheffer, 2004), which in our study presumably resulted from the feeding activity of common carp but also of the small numbers of co-occurring herbivorous grass carp (Matsuzaki et al, 2007;Kloskowski, 2011a;Francová et al, 2019), could additionally drive distribution shifts by predatory insects and tadpoles due to the loss of the principal structured microhabitat in the openwater area (Parkos et al, 2003). Littoral vegetation is resistant to fish because it is based on the well-rooted remains of the previous year's emergent macrophytes.…”

Section: Between-habitat Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Between-habitat distributions of pond tadpoles and their insect predators in response to fish presence

2020

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Between-habitat distributions of prey shared by multiple predators depend on habitat use by the predators, whose own distributions may interact. We used a large-scale, whole-system natural experiment to examine distributions of anuran tadpoles and insect predators between pond microhabitats with contrasting complexity (open water vs emergent littoral vegetation) in drainable ponds that were either kept fishless or stocked with fish. Total relative densities of insect predators did not significantly differ with respect to the fish status of the ponds. Individual anuran taxa responded variously, but only fish-tolerant Bufo bufo densities were higher in the presence of fish. The densities of both insect predators and tadpoles showed positive interactions between fish presence and the use of complex littoral habitat. The habitat shift to littoral vegetation could be indirectly amplified by fish adverse impact on submerged macrophytes, the main structured microhabitat in open-water areas. Irrespective of mechanisms of fish effects (direct consumption, behavioral deterrence or alteration of habitat conditions), aggregation of both tadpoles and insect predators in littoral vegetation may put tadpoles at greater risk of predation by insects, a potentially important factor of amphibian mortality in waters containing fish.

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Section: Between-habitat Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Between-habitat distributions of pond tadpoles and their insect predators in response to fish presence

2020

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“…Generally, either sh (Hroudová et al 2010;Francová et al 2019a) and/or water birds (Chaichana et al 2011;Bakker et al 2018) can destroy the littoral stands when they occur in high densities.…”

Section: Effects Of Biotic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of these factors can occur in shponds and many of them are closely related to the shpond management (Hejný et al 2002;Francová et al 2019a). In spite of the importance of both the open water body and the littoral stands for water birds, ecosystem studies looking at the relationships between various shpond components are scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling causes of the dieback of littoral stands in an overloaded water-bird reserve: roles of eutrophication, fish and geese

Svidenský

Kučerová

Čı́žková

2021

Preprint

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European fishponds used for semi-intensive fish production can serve for refuges of water birds if the fish stocks are limited but the effects of other ecological factors on the ecosystem stability are seldom considered. The aim of this study is to elucidate causes of a marked decline of littoral stands dominated with Typha angustifolia in a hypertrophic fishpond forming a part of a valuable water-bird reserve. Field investigation and two experiments were conducted in order to separate the effects of mineral nutrient availability, redox condition, fish and geese. The physico-chemical characteristics of water and sediments confirmed hypertrophic conditions in the fishpond but a follow-up mesocosm experiment did not prove a negative effect of the sediment quality on the plant growth. On the other hand, a field enclosure experiment showed a significant negative effect on shoot density, which was attributed to grazing by geese. An additional damage to plant belowground parts was ascribed to large carp individuals, albeit in small numbers. The study points to a conservation dilemma caused by large numbers of geese destroying littoral stands in a fishpond nature reserve, which then looses its nesting function for other water-bird species.

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“…Many of these carp ponds were built on the former sites of marshes, swamps and floodplains, which, to a certain extent, predetermines their plant assemblage structure, which is often characterised by a eulittoral zone overgrown with 'hard' emergent vegetation consisting mostly of Phragmites australis and Typha sp. beds (Francova et al, 2019). These shallow littoral areas, overgrown by emergent plant communities, accumulate higher amounts of sedimentary organic matter than deeper, open water areas (Dykyjova and Ulehlova, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrozoobenthos assemblage patterns in European carp (Cyprinus carpio) ponds − the importance of emersed macrophyte beds

Kajgrová

Adámek

Regenda

et al. 2021

Knowl. Manag. Aquat. Ecosyst.

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Qualitative and quantitative differences in benthic macrozoobenthos distribution in carp pond littoral zones (macrophyte areas; LM) and pelagic zones (macrophyte-free areas; MF) were assessed in four commercial carp (Cyprinus carpio) grow-out ponds in the Czech Republic (semi-intensive management) and Austria (organic management) monthly over the growing season (June-September) of 2016 and 2017. While differences in environmental parameters and granulometric composition between LM and MF were statistically non-significant (p > 0.05), organic matter content was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in LM. Average macrozoobenthos density and biomass in LM (mean 431 ind.m−2 and 6.78 g.m−2) was usually significantly higher (p > 0.05) than MF (371 ind.m−2 and 3.17 g.m−2). A similar trend was observed for zoobenthos diversity, with LM having a higher diversity (76 taxa) than MF (47 taxa). At the start of the growing season, chironomid density was higher (p < 0.05) in muddy MF zones, regardless of management type, while oligochaete density was higher in muddy LM. The density of both groups later declined, such that density was significantly higher (p > 0.05) in sandy substrates, regardless of habitat or management type. Our data suggest a significant drop in macrozoobenthos density and biomass compared with historical data, mainly due to new management techniques (fertilisation, supplementary feeding) and intensification (higher stock densities), suggesting that pond management is crucial as regards benthic invertebrate development and diversity. Our results indicate that emersed LM beds positively influence macrozoobenthos performance in carp ponds, potentially making them biodiversity hotspots. Further, LM beds can be regarded as invertebrate harbours, and hence should be protected and encouraged.

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Effects of fish farming on macrophytes in temperate carp ponds

Cited by 37 publications

References 77 publications

Between-habitat distributions of pond tadpoles and their insect predators in response to fish presence

Between-habitat distributions of pond tadpoles and their insect predators in response to fish presence

Disentangling causes of the dieback of littoral stands in an overloaded water-bird reserve: roles of eutrophication, fish and geese

Macrozoobenthos assemblage patterns in European carp (Cyprinus carpio) ponds − the importance of emersed macrophyte beds

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