Effects of fish meal replacement with meat and bone meal using garlic(Allium sativum) powder on growth, feeding, digestive enzymes and apparent digestibility of nutrients and fatty acids in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykissWalbaum, 1792)

Abstract

Effects of graded dietary levels of fish meal (FM) replacement with meat and bone meal (MBM) with garlic powder (G) or without garlic powder (WG) garlic powder were investigated on growth, digestive enzymes, apparent digestibility, body composition and fatty acid profile of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorynchus mykiss; 8.26 ± 1.10 g). A total of eight dietary treatments were evaluated: control with garlic powder (0 MBM+G), 250 MBM+G, 450 MBM+G, and 650 MBM+G (g MBM/kg diet; treatments with garlic powder; G treatments), control without garlic powder (0 MBM), 250 MBM, 450 MBM and 650 MBM (g MBM/kg diet; treatments without garlic powder; WG treatments). Our results demonstrated that increased dietary content of MBM impaired growth and production performance, body composition, digestive enzyme activity, tissue fatty acid profile and overall digestibility. Addition of garlic powder was able to correct fish performance, body composition, enzyme activity and digestibility to some extent. Dietary supply of garlic resulted in increased digestive enzyme activity improving fish performance. The current results indicated that fish fed 650 g MBM/kg feed exhibited impaired growth that could be attributed to reduce digestibility of protein, fat, energy and dry matter, PUFAs and n-3 LC-PUFAs in muscle. We suggest that 450 g FM per kilo feed can be successfully replaced with MBM supplemented with 30 g garlic powder per kilo feed without impairing fish performance and physiology, however distorting tissue fatty acid composition resulting in lesser levels of n-3 LC-PUFAs compared to the 0 MBM+G diet. K E Y W O R D Sdigestive enzymes, fish meal replacement, meat and bone meal, nutrient digestibility, protein utilization 1

Effects of dietary humic acid on growth performance, haemato-immunological and physiological responses and resistance of Rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykisstoYersinia ruckeri

“…These different findings may indicate that the humic acid impact might be dose and time dependent and/or species specific. Growth performance and feed efficiency in fish are known to be related to physiological and biochemical capacity of digestion, the amount of enzymes available in the digestive system (Suárez, Hidalgo, Gallego, Sanz & De la Higuera, ) and transmission of nutrients in the intestines (Esmaeili, Abedian Kenari & Rombenso, ). In the present study, however, stomach pepsin activity and amylase, lipase and trypsin activities in the intestines increased with the addition of humic acid in fish diet, but without any significant improvement in growth performance.…”

The effects of water additive Bacillus cereus and Pediococcus acidilactici on water quality, growth performances, economic benefits, immunohematology and bacterial flora of whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei Boone, 1931) reared in earthen ponds

“…We declare that all procedures involving animals were done according to the Tarbiat Modares University protocols (Medical Ethics Committee, School of Medical Sciences of the Tarbiat Modares University) which have been reported from previous aquaculture works from this university (Esmaeili, Abedian Kenari, & Rombenso, ; Esmaeili, Kenari, & Rombenso, ; Hosseinpour Aghaei, Abedian Kenari, Yazdani Sadati, & Esmaeili, ; Ramezanzadeh, Abedian Kenari, & Esmaeili, ; Roohani et al, ).…”

Growth performance, muscle and liver composition, blood traits, digestibility and gut bacteria of beluga (Huso huso) juvenile fed different levels of soybean meal and lactic acid

“…For the digestibility assay, fish faeces were collected using an in‐house protocol adapted from Esmaeili et al. (). Briefly, faeces were collected daily 3‐ to 4‐hr postprandial for 14 days (day 30–44 of the feeding trial).…”