Effects of fixed appliances in correcting Angle Class II on the depth of the posterior airway space

Kinzinger, Gero; Czapka, Kathrin; Ludwig, Björn; Glasl, Bettina; Groß, Ulrich; Lisson, Jörg A.

doi:10.1007/s00056-011-0035-2

Cited by 55 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The study with the most similar purpose and method to our study is the cephalometric study by Kinzinger et al 15 They investigated two fixed functional appliances (FMA and Herbst appliance) for their effect on the morphology of the airway. The appliances had a similar effect on airway depth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The minimal skeletal mandibular effects depend on the device used and the age and growth capacity of the patient. [12][13][14][15][16][17] The lower incisors procline and intrude, while the lower molars move significantly in a mesial and vertical direction. One device that generates these effects is the Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device (FRD; 3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif), which is a semirigid three-piece telescoping spring for Class II correction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of fixed functional therapy on tongue and hyoid positions and posterior airway

Özdemir

Ulkur

Nalbantgil

2013

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To evaluate how therapy with a fixed functional appliance affects airway dimensions, dentoalveolar changes, and tongue and hyoid positions. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 46 pre-and posttreatment lateral cephalometric radiographs of 23 post-peak Class II patients (12 girls, 11 boys) treated with a Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device (FRD) appliance. The radiographies were taken at the start and at the end of Forsus FRD appliance therapy when a Class I or overcorrected Class I canine and molar relationship was achieved. The process took an average of 5 months 13 days 6 1 month 4 days. Skeletal and dental parameters were measured using Dolphin software, and the sagittal airway area was measured by AutoCAD software. Results: Analyses of the pre-and posttreatment means revealed that there was no statistically significant skeletal correction of the sagittal malocclusion; increase of lower incisor inclination, decrease of upper incisor inclination, decrease of interincisal angle, and rotation of occlusal plane all contributed to the reduction of overjet. The tongue area and intermaxillary space area increased in response to these dentoalveolar changes; however, there was no statistically significant change in the hyoid position or the oropharyngeal area between the two time points. Conclusions: The dentoalveolar changes produced by Forsus FRD appliance did not cause any significant posterior airway changes in young adult patients. (Angle Orthod. 2014;84:260-264.)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of fixed functional therapy on tongue and hyoid positions and posterior airway

Özdemir

Ulkur

Nalbantgil

2013

The Angle Orthodontist

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“…Eventually, the main objective of our study, i.e., subsequent effects of these appliances on the dimensions of pharyngeal airways, will be addressed. Having reviewed the literature, there are very few published studies [4,[10][11][12][13][14] that have investigated the effect of functional appliances on the dimensions of awake pharyngeal airways. Of these studies, four have included either headgear [4,10,12] or maxillary expansion [11] appliances in combination with functional appliances, and the other two studies have used only removable [13] The sample was then divided into two groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Functional Appliance Therapy on the Depth of the Pharyngeal Airways: Activator vs. Forsus

Taki¹

2015

JDHODT

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The sample consisted of 25 adolescents (14 boys and 11 girls, average age 11 years 8 months), whose lateral cephalograms taken before (T 1 ) and after the treatment (T 2 ) with functional appliances (total 50) were collected. The lateral cephalometric radiographs were compiled from their clinical records kept at Research Article AbstractAims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in Dento-skeletal components following orthopedic therapy of Class II skeletal malocclusions, and to assess the effect of these changes on the depth of the pharyngeal airways, after treatment with removable and fixed functional appliances.Methodology: 25 adolescents (14 boys and 11 girls, mean age 11.67 years) were chosen. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the treatment type: removable appliance group (13 subjects, 7 boys and 6 girls, mean age 12 years) and fixed appliance group (12 subjects, 7 boys and 5 girls, mean age 11.33 years). Lateral cephalometric radiographs taken before (T1) and after the treatments (T2) were digitally analyzed. Paired t-test was used to determine the possible statistically significant changes (T2-T1) for both groups. Identified differences between the groups were further analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test at the 95% confidence interval (P <.05).Results: Functional appliance therapy showed no statistically significant changes in upper pharyngeal airway depth (UPAD) and middle pharyngeal airway depth (MPAD). Only the lower pharyngeal airway depth (LPAD) was increased significantly (P<.05) due to the forward positioning of the mandible, determined by significant increase in SNB, ANB, and Pog to N perp. Intergroup comparisons showed no statistically significant differences between removable and fixed appliances (P >.05). Conclusion:Positive sagittal mandibular change, as a result of both types of functional appliances therapy, had a significant increase on the depth of the lower pharyngeal airway. The sample was then divided into two groups. The first group consisted of the subjects who were treated with removable functional appliances (Activator type), and the second group consisted of those who were treated with fixed functional appliances, Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device (FRD) (3M Unitek Corp, Monrovia, Calif).The sex and age distribution of the treatment groups are shown in Table 1. Although chronological ages appear different between groups, growth stages were closely matched according to cervical vertebra maturation (CVM) assessment on lateral cephalograms. Keywords:The removable appliance group comprised of 13 subjects (7 boys and 6 girls, mean age 12 years), with the duration of treatment ranging from 6 to 15 months with an average of 11.6 months.The activator appliance used was an acrylic monobloc with clasps used to fixate the appliance to the upper first molars. The appliance was produced from a construction bite that positioned the mandible anteriorly in an edge-to-edge incisal relationship. The lower jaw was postured forward in a Class I or overcorrected Class I ...

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“…9,10 Although there are numerous studies those have evaluated the nature of Class II correction by various functional appliances in growing skeletal Class II children, there are only a few studies that mention the PAP dimension changes following functional appliance treatment. Studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of the Harvold activator, 11 an activator with high-pull headgear, 12 cervical headgear, 6 the Farmand appliance, 13 the modified bionator, 14 the Klammt appliance, 15 the Herbst appliance, 16 and rapid maxillary expansion with Herbst appliance therapy 17 on the PAP in Class II patients. However, to our knowledge there is no study in the literature mentioning the effect of the most commonly used functional appliance, that is, the twinblock appliance, in the improvement of PAP dimension among subjects with Class II malocclusion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of twin-block and Mandibular Protraction Appliance-IV in the improvement of pharyngeal airway passage dimensions in Class II malocclusion subjects with a retrognathic mandible

Jena

Singh

Utreja

2012

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To test the hypothesis that twin-block and Mandibular Protraction Appliance-IV (MPA-IV) are not effective in improving the pharyngeal airway passage (PAP) dimensions among Class II malocclusion subjects with a retrognathic mandible. Materials and Methods: Eighty-three subjects ranging in age from 8 to 14 years were divided into four groups. Group I included 30 Class I malocclusion subjects (healthy controls); group II consisted of 16 Class II malocclusion subjects (Class II controls); group III had 16 subjects in whom Class II malocclusion was treated by MPA-IV; and the remaining 21 subjects formed group IV, whose Class II malocclusions were corrected by twin-block appliance. Lateral cephalograms recorded at the beginning of orthodontic treatment in group I subjects and at the beginning and end of follow-up/treatment with functional appliance in group II, III, and IV subjects were analyzed to determine the PAP dimensions. Paired t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Tukey tests were applied for statistical analysis, and a P-value .05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Soft palate length was decreased significantly in group III (P , .05) and group IV (P , .001) subjects. Soft palate thickness in group IV subjects was increased significantly as compared to group II (P , .05) and group III (P , .01) subjects. The improvement in soft palate inclination in group III and group IV subjects was significant (P , .01). The oropharynx depth was increased significantly in group III (P , .05) and group IV (P , .001) subjects. The depth of the hypopharynx was increased significantly (P , .01) in group IV subjects. Conclusions: The twin-block appliance was more efficient than the MPA-IV in the improvement of PAP dimensions among Class II malocclusion subjects with retrognathic mandible. (Angle Orthod. 2013;83:728-734.)

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Effects of fixed appliances in correcting Angle Class II on the depth of the posterior airway space

Cited by 55 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of fixed functional therapy on tongue and hyoid positions and posterior airway

Effects of fixed functional therapy on tongue and hyoid positions and posterior airway

Effects of Functional Appliance Therapy on the Depth of the Pharyngeal Airways: Activator vs. Forsus

Effectiveness of twin-block and Mandibular Protraction Appliance-IV in the improvement of pharyngeal airway passage dimensions in Class II malocclusion subjects with a retrognathic mandible

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