Effects of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides on gut microbiota composition and metabolism in vitro fermentation

Updated Progress on Polysaccharides with Anti-Diabetic Effects through the Regulation of Gut Microbiota: Sources, Mechanisms, and Structure–Activity Relationships

“…Polysaccharides from fungi can be extracted from different parts like fruiting body, mycelium, or fermentation broth, and β-glucan accounts for the main structure of fungi polysaccharides [ 75 , 76 ]. Fungi polysaccharides possess many health-enhancing activities, such as immune modulation, fatigue relief, anti-aging and hypolipidemic activities in vivo or in vitro [ 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 ]. For example, researches revealed that oral β-1,3/1,6 glucan per day prevented the occurrence or reduced the severity of upper respiratory tract infection in older individuals [ 82 ].…”

Structure and immunostimulatory activity studies on two novel Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides: revealing potential impacts of →6)-α-d-Glcp(1→ on the TLR-4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway

“…7 F. velutipes polysaccharides are the most abundant active ingredients in F. velutipes, demonstrating a diverse array of advantageous functionalities encompassing antioxidation, immune regulation, anti-inflammation, memory enhancement, lipid metabolism regulation, etc. [8][9][10][11] F. velutipes polysaccharides have demonstrated the ability to promote the secretion of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). 12 The structure of F. velutipes polysaccharides consists of complex heteropolysaccharides.…”