The portable clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters are now widely used for on-line measurement in water resource systems, due to the advantages of convenience, economy and safety. However, the measurement accuracy of the clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter is affected by various factors. During the on-line measurement process, the flow field distributions inside the pipeline have a greater impact on the measurement accuracy. The slope of the pipe and the opening degree of the valve are the two factors that affect the distributions of the flow field inside the pipe. To study the influences of these two factors, experimental tests are carried out on the water flow standard facility. The results show that the measurement errors obtained on the horizontal installation pipe are different from that obtained on the vertical installation pipe, and the absolute value of error deviation is 2.3%. The change of valve opening degree will significantly affect the measurement accuracy of ultrasonic flowmeters. With the decrease of opening degree, the variation range of indication error increases, and the repeatability is difficult to meet the requirements. At the same opening of the valve, the variation range of indication error becomes larger when the measurement point is closer to the valve. The CFD method is applied to simulate the flow filed inside the testing pipeline, and the influence mechanism of the above two factors is analysed. An error calculation model based on the numerical simulation is proposed, which is in good agreement with the experimental results.