Effects of Fluoride on the Interactions between Amelogenin and Apatite Crystals

Tanimoto, Kotaro; Le, Thuan; Zhu, Li; Chen, J.; Featherstone, J.D.B.; Li, W.; DenBesten, Pamela

doi:10.1177/154405910808700106

Cited by 32 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Studies have shown that fluoride does not directly bind to amelogenin proteins, but that fluoride is likely bound to calcium contained within the protein matrix (Tanimoto et al, 2008). Therefore, at high fluoride levels, fluoride may bind to amelogenins and other matrix proteins through protein-bound calcium.…”

Section: Possible Mechanisms Of Fluoride Action On Enamel Formation Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though amelogenins do not directly bind fluoride (DenBesten et al, 1992), such effects may be possible through amelogeninmediated calcium binding (Tanimoto et al, 2008).…”

Section: Is the Matrix Physically Trapped Within Fluorotic Enamel?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(3) Fluoride changes the adsorption characteristics, surface area, or surface properties of enamel crystals to which matrix proteins adhere. This might influence their proteolytic degradation and cause matrix retention (Tanabe et al, 1988;Kirkham et al, 2001;Robinson et al, 2006;Tanimoto et al, 2008). (4) Fluoride reduces calcium in the enamel fluid required for protease activity (Crenshaw and Bawden, 1984).…”

Section: Possible Mechanisms Of Fluoride Action On Enamel Formation Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) Fluoride reduces degradation of matrix proteins by lowering the output of proteases by the ameloblasts (Tanabe et al, 1988;DenBesten and Heffernan, 1989;DenBesten et al, 2002;Robinson et al, 2006;Tanimoto et al, 2008). (2) Fluoride acts directly on protease activity in the extracellular matrix and inhibits matrix degradation (Suga, 1970;Robinson and Kirkham, 1984;DenBesten and Heffernan, 1989;DenBesten et al, 2002).…”

Section: Possible Mechanisms Of Fluoride Action On Enamel Formation Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Fluoride on Ameloblasts and the Mechanisms of Enamel Fluorosis

Lyaruu²,

2009

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Intake of excess amounts of fluoride during tooth development cause enamel fluorosis, a developmental disturbance that makes enamel more porous. In mild fluorosis, there are white opaque striations across the enamel surface, whereas in more severe cases, the porous regions increase in size, with enamel pitting, and secondary discoloration of the enamel surface. The effects of fluoride on enamel formation suggest that fluoride affects the enamelforming cells, the ameloblasts. Studies investigating the effects of fluoride on ameloblasts and the mechanisms of fluorosis are based on in vitro cultures as well as animal models. The use of these model systems requires a biologically relevant fluoride dose, and must be carefully interpreted in relation to human tooth formation. Based on these studies, we propose that fluoride can directly affect the ameloblasts, particularly at high fluoride levels, while at lower fluoride levels, the ameloblasts may respond to local effects of fluoride on the mineralizing matrix. A new working model is presented, focused on the assumption that fluoride increases the rate of mineral formation, resulting in a greater release of protons into the forming enamel matrix.

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Section: Possible Mechanisms Of Fluoride Action On Enamel Formation Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though amelogenins do not directly bind fluoride (DenBesten et al, 1992), such effects may be possible through amelogeninmediated calcium binding (Tanimoto et al, 2008).…”

Section: Is the Matrix Physically Trapped Within Fluorotic Enamel?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Possible Mechanisms Of Fluoride Action On Enamel Formation Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Possible Mechanisms Of Fluoride Action On Enamel Formation Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Fluoride on Ameloblasts and the Mechanisms of Enamel Fluorosis

Lyaruu²,

2009

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“…Hydroxyapatite was synthesized as previously described and characterized by x-ray diffraction (Tanimoto et al 2008). Apatite powders were sequentially passed through 30-and 60-μm meshes, and only particles with sizes between 30 and 60 μm were collected for the binding experiment.…”

Section: Binding Of Recombinant Amelogenins To Apatitementioning

confidence: 99%

Exon4 Amelogenin Transcripts in Enamel Biomineralization

et al. 2015

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Amelogenins are proteins formed by alternative splicing of the amelogenin gene, and are essential for tooth enamel formation. However, the unique functions of various alternatively spliced amelogenins in enamel formation are not well understood. In this study, we determined the spatiotemporal location of amelogenins derived from transcripts containing exon4 (AMG+4) in the enamel matrix, and the relative binding of recombinant AMG+4 to hydroxyapatite (HAP). Immunohistochemistry and mass spectrometry analyses showed that AMG+4 proteins were secreted into the enamel matrix at the early maturation stage. A stage-specific increase in the synthesis of AMG+4 was further supported by our observation that in mice overexpressing leucine-rich amelogenin peptide (TgLRAP), in which ameloblasts differentiate earlier, AMG+4 transcripts were also upregulated earlier. In vitro binding studies, supported by in silico modeling of protein binding to calcium and phosphate, showed that more recombinant AMG+4 bound to hydroxyapatite (HAP) as compared with recombinant AMG-4. The temporal and spatial localization of amelogenins containing exon4 peptide, and their functional differences in HAP binding, suggests that the unique properties of amelogenins containing exon4 cause a specific enhancement of biomineralization related to stabilization of early-formed HAP at the maturation stage.

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