Effects of Foliage Color on the Landing Response of<i>Pieris rapae</i>(Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Tsuji, Jun; Coe, Lauren

doi:10.1603/en14084

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Both insect pollinators and herbivores use a wide range of sensory cues to locate their plant resources, for example, emitted volatile compounds (Harrewijn et al, 1994;Renwick and Chew, 1994;Knolhoff and Heckel, 2014), temperature (Seymour and Schultze-Motel, 1997;Angioy et al, 2004;Lamprecht et al, 2013), shape (Rausher, 1978;Mackay and Jones, 1989;Machial et al, 2012), and colour (Prokopy and Owens, 1983;Tsuji and Coe, 2014;Paris et al, 2015). The use of colour cues by insects has been studied intensely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual cues of oviposition sites and spectral sensitivity of Cydia strobilella L.

Jakobsson

Henze

Svensson

et al. 2017

Journal of Insect Physiology

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Please cite this article as: Jakobsson, J., Henze, M.J., Svensson, G.P., Lind, O., Anderbrant, O., Visual cues of oviposition sites and spectral sensitivity of Cydia strobilella L, Journal of Insect Physiology (2017), doi: http:// dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.jinsphys.2017.06.006 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractWe investigated whether the spruce seed moth (Cydia strobilella L., Tortricidae: Grapholitini), an important pest in seed orchards of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), can make use of the spectral properties of its host when searching for flowers to oviposit on. Spectral measurements showed that the flowers, and the cones they develop into, differ from a background of P. abies needles by a higher reflectance of long wavelengths. These differences increase as the flowers develop into mature cones. Electroretinograms (ERGs) in combination with spectral adaptation suggest that C. strobilella has at least three spectral types of photoreceptor; an abundant green-sensitive receptor with maximal sensitivity at wavelength λ max = 526 nm, a blue-sensitive receptor with λ max = 436 nm, and an ultravioletsensitive receptor with λ max = 352 nm. Based on our spectral measurements and the receptor properties inferred from the ERGs, we calculated that open flowers, which are suitable oviposition sites, provide detectable achromatic, but almost no chromatic contrasts to the background of needles. In field trials using traps of different spectral properties with or without a female sex pheromone lure, only pheromone-baited traps caught moths. Catches in baited traps were not correlated with the visual contrast of the traps against the background. Thus, visual contrast is probably not the primary cue for finding open host flowers, but it could potentially complement olfaction as a secondary cue, since traps with certain spectral properties caught significantly more moths than others.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual cues of oviposition sites and spectral sensitivity of Cydia strobilella L.

Jakobsson

Henze

Svensson

et al. 2017

Journal of Insect Physiology

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“…Since varietal and color richness vary independently from one another and are not collinear, these results demonstrate that P. rapae responded to intraspecific variation in crop color in addition to overall varietal richness. Previous studies have demonstrated that color is an important plant trait in moderating insect populations and P. rapae in particular is known to use foliage color as a landing cue (Tsuji and Coe 2014). In some instances, plant color is also correlated with plant defense compounds (Malenčić et al 2012, Green et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have demonstrated that color is an important plant trait in moderating insect populations and P. rapae in particular is known to use foliage color as a landing cue (Tsuji & Coe 2014). In some instances, plant color is also correlated with plant defense compounds (Malenčić et al 2012, Green et al 2015).…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, we explore the role of plant color in mediating pest response. While B. oleracea varieties vary in a number of functional traits, such as plant structure and phytochemical composition, in this study, we focus on intraspecific variation in plant color for several reasons: (1) cruciferous herbivores are known to use color as a visual cue in host selection (Yang et al 2003, Tsuji and Coe 2014), (2) color is correlated with other functional traits, including crop chemical profiles (Choi et al 2014), which are also known to be important host identification cues for cruciferous pests (Nielsen 1988, Renwick and Radke 1988), and (3) color can be measured easily in the field and would be straightforward for farmers to manipulate. Finally, we evaluate the potential for varietal mixtures to serve as a profitable form of crop diversification by measuring their effect on labor costs and profitability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Landscape‐dependent effects of varietal mixtures on insect pest control and implications for farmer profits

Snyder

Gómez

Mudrak

et al. 2021

Ecological Applications

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Intraspecific plant diversity can significantly impact insect herbivore populations in natural systems. Yet, its role as an insect pest control strategy in agriculture has received less attention, and little is known about which crop traits are important to herbivores in different landscape contexts. Moreover, empirical economic analyses on the cost-effectiveness of varietal mixtures is lacking. We used varietal mixtures of Brassica oleracea crops on working farms to examine how two metrics of intraspecific crop diversity-varietal richness and number of plant colors (color richness)-affect crop damage and the incidence and abundance of two insect pest species, Pieris rapae and Phyllotreta spp. We evaluated the context-dependency of varietal mixtures by sampling early and late season plantings of B. oleracea crops in farms across a gradient of landscape composition. We developed crop budgets and used a net present value analysis to assess the impact of varietal mixtures on input and labor costs, crop revenues, and profit. We found context-dependent effects of varietal mixtures on both pests. In early season plantings, color richness did not affect Phyllotreta spp. populations. However, increasing varietal richness reduced Phyllotreta spp. incidence in simple landscapes dominated by cropland, but this trend was reversed in complex landscapes dominated by natural habitats. In late season plantings, color richness reduced the incidence and abundance of P. rapae larvae, but only in complex landscapes where their populations were highest. Varietal richness had the same effect on P. rapae larvae as color richness. Unexpectedly, we consistently found lower pest pressure and reduced crop damage in simple landscapes. Although varietal mixtures did not affect crop damage, increasing color richness corresponded with increased profits, due to increased revenue and a marginal reduction in labor and input costs. We demonstrate varietal mixtures can significantly impact pest populations, and this effect can be mediated by intraspecific variation in crop color. However, the strength and direction of these effects vary by season, landscape composition, and pest species. The association between varietal color richness and profitability indicates farmers could design mixtures to enhance economic returns. We recommend additional research on the benefits of intraspecific trait variation for farmers.

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“…potential oviposition sites can be detected with increasing probability. At least, a positive oviposition response to plant colouration has been observed explicitly in some diurnal insects, such as the butterflies, Pieris rapae (Ilse 1937;Tsuji and Coe 2014) and Papilio aegeus (Kelber 1999), and the flies, Delia radicum (Prokopy et al 1983) and Dacus oleae (Katsoyannos et al 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brightness mediates oviposition in crepuscular moth, Grapholita molesta

Yang

Fan

et al. 2020

J Pest Sci

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Plant colouration is known to be used by some nocturnal flower-visiting insects to foraging among colourful flowers in dim light. However, it remains unknown whether crepuscular species possibly reliably discriminate plant colouration (i.e. colour and/or brightness) for oviposition even driven by challenges of variably light conditions and similar leaf colouration. Here, we explored this question in the oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta, a major pest of stone fruits worldwide, using coloured squares under changing illuminants (1000, 100, 1 and 0.01 mW/m 2 ). G. molesta female preferred to oviposit on green and orange over yellow, red, blue and purple with a lower discrimination at starlight (0.01 mW/m 2 ), whereas the preferential brighter white can be discriminated clearly from those achromatic grey and black at all tested light intensities. When both cues were presented in conflicting for oviposition, the moths were more attracted to brightness than colour cues irrespective of light intensity they are exposed to. Interestingly, there was a decrease in the reflectance between young and old leaves of P. persica at similar wavelengths between 500 and 550 nm, providing an apparent brightness. Ovipositing females preferred the brighter light green over the dark green. Our results indicate that as a more reliable cue, brightness of leaves rather than colour plays a more important role for mediating crepuscular moth G. molesta to lay eggs on young leaves in microhabitats in changing light environments. We discuss that the brightness oriented in oviposition task in complex orchards is relevant to leaf apparency.

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Effects of Foliage Color on the Landing Response ofPieris rapae(Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

Visual cues of oviposition sites and spectral sensitivity of Cydia strobilella L.

Visual cues of oviposition sites and spectral sensitivity of Cydia strobilella L.

Landscape‐dependent effects of varietal mixtures on insect pest control and implications for farmer profits

Brightness mediates oviposition in crepuscular moth, Grapholita molesta

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